1 . 某种产品2014年到2018年的年投资金额(万元)与年利润
(万元)的数据统计如下,由散点图知,
与
之间的关系可以用线性回归模型拟合,已知5年利润的平均值是4.7.
年份 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
年投资金额 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
年利润 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 6.4 | 7.9 |
(1)求表中实数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36a1b09c653185842513e24ebba60bb3.png)
(2)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1db6103cb0f1d2bd6b19235d53ee7e98.png)
参考公式:回归直线方程中的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计公式分别为
,
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aa088a4729226b696c536845791d4c02.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1c305c245407e2152ef4c582dc2d3f9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8901c469ca9b12a490dbb827c906215b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/57d52b5c676c90b24db90d977c829193.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ea905439d2e55ab4dcaa355eca72cbf1.png)
10.15 | 109.94 | 3.04 | 0.16 | ||||
13.94 | 11.67 | 0.21 | 21.22 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/33655f889e85f295c28517e7079a3214.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2038552dcd0649b737ead848dd47a061.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2858005b9ae89ae080d83dcc13cf8e81.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b3e95410f3b4fcb0cba425b521d1f67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/963b8975e1163d137d90234ba7011320.png)
(1)用相关系数说明哪种模型建立y与x的回归方程更合适;
(2)根据(1)的结果及表中数据,建立y关于x的回归方程;
(3)已知玫瑰的利润z与x、y的关系为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bb6dbc48d508c39b922fe66b1c5ba694.png)
参考数据和公式:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23a2a1cc1ee4180dd681f43cb17e5217.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4bff34a5ad64458047d602a8f3423f73.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8c611e88194adf02c0c806c8497e105e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ab5a49a06acfed650f11eb5fe186113f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/096adfb259a142cda62b51e2b08ca9e0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/92a2c503f4f65e958539a7ed809a8acc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81ff0671492cc8f5ae8faea92afb4c2d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/831e3350f3665fe5baed21f64b99528b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/33b447ac3d1a965572c31b6e4c18d4b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46d5d836cacd4fd16a4919a91e9efaba.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ae463200d075fcec1738869a38b992e.png)
(2)由(1)的判断结果及表中数据,求出y关于x的回归方程.(计算结果精确到0.1)
附:回归方程中
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/929ef3bed0a4bdd22f39e036506dc481.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3ac81db4d6a73ba8994c2a5a2c5f56b4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cec5f29cac1f0340ecae12821bcf7e36.png)
参考数据( | |||||
5215 | 17713 | 714 | 27 | 81.3 | 3.6 |
在每年价格不变,无虫害的情况下,某果园年产值为200万元,根据以上数据,以得到最高收益(收益=产值-防害费用)为目标,请为果农从以下几个方案中推荐最佳防害方案,并说明理由.
方案1:选择防害措施A,可以防止各种气温的红蜘蛛虫害不减产,费用是18万;
方案2:选择防害措施B,可以防治22℃至28℃的蜘蛛虫害,但无法防治28℃以上的红蜘蛛虫害,费用是10万;
方案3:不采取防虫害措施.
4 . 为了研究某种细菌随天数x变化的繁殖个数y,收集数据如下:
天数x | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
繁殖个数y | 6 | 12 | 25 | 49 | 95 | 190 |
(1)在图中作出繁殖个数y关于天数x变化的散点图,并由散点图判断
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/33b447ac3d1a965572c31b6e4c18d4b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b96969c5c96977de135616a637ddc52.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7936359df4c926b72b48c6fdae55f12d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b76f79be89b8c6227b68eded6b675546.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6ec26e45ae36c71ee9761a05e734dde1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b707f7a60da910e1dae29c79dff3300.png)
(2)对于非线性回归方程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b96969c5c96977de135616a637ddc52.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7936359df4c926b72b48c6fdae55f12d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b76f79be89b8c6227b68eded6b675546.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6ec26e45ae36c71ee9761a05e734dde1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b707f7a60da910e1dae29c79dff3300.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54d28162b2a8309f0f7f193e733be414.png)
3.50 | 62.83 | 3.53 | 17.50 | 596.57 | 12.09 |
①证明:“对于,令
,可以得到繁殖个数的对数z关于天数x具有
,β,α为常数)”;
②根据(1)的判断结果及表中数据,建立y关于x的回归方程(系数保留2位小数).
附:对于一组数据,
,…,
,其回归直线方程
的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计分别为
,
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/71d1b55b0fe3935bf79a1174737a70d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e15e00f40396e914d1d9955bd7785f1f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1ae21d5c24632c460496f4953a6eb32c.png)
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
6 | 97.90 | 0.21 | 60 | 0.14 | 14.12 | 26.13 | -1.40 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6a5b1c19e4c57f1d259f8269e551c64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8901c469ca9b12a490dbb827c906215b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
(2)根据(1)的结果解决下列问题:
(i)建立
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
(ii)样本对原点的距离
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/14d21726b82e52bbd091c3d3279ba584.png)
(3)已知该金属在距离原点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cc3bde6ef2ee5b749b4d48d706543cdb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/91edc7e2d4811f5ea6c01284cf00393a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/745ee7841b00148dcbfde9c689e1a8c8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24f43d8ae23672e5cb0ae2a0551323ae.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
附:线性回归方程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1db6103cb0f1d2bd6b19235d53ee7e98.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/07985faf6c48e4e300ec46c6b7d1bba3.png)
年份 | 2017年 | 2018年 | 2019年 | 2020年 | 2021年 |
年份代码x | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
云计算市场规模y/亿元 | 692 | 962 | 1334 | 2091 | 3229 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e65d30b27dc947d1e2d28bbb9acfe1d6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c31a446c1e817c0a31da2bbe381a1e25.png)
(1)根据以上数据,建立y关于x的回归方程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/172edaafcbbbc249a116d939d196a2d6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/041a7c8fc017f596542c5e6ec7d1c40b.png)
(2)云计算为企业降低生产成本、提升产品质量提供了强大助推力.某企业未引入云计算前,单件产品尺寸与标准品尺寸的误差
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/55fd03c7ca8ab82f3410178b9435298b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/47f90af1cd001b5902ccb63a2dfeaf0c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8914ac0b7a4a8cd3d002a3f4f119a388.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/47f90af1cd001b5902ccb63a2dfeaf0c.png)
附:对于一组数据
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d7f2456bba616d36da33af7899ff5a93.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4596361652a7a7df2c51b21391ee8cf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b3e8d37ba07bedbe5d0cb1ee5181beef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dc4a4f9b8099affc86e9c1109f393c97.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/307af93012986772918c1263ce74d0b2.png)
若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/38d0088531480beef86ec5a94a67edf9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/283b264b8265ef63f0e07106ef7c32da.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/96204707f9446d1bf90506e1f99a38da.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294ef7a0372b3bbe9cec48d37963cc26.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/33b447ac3d1a965572c31b6e4c18d4b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/90541d859791a8e85003f3b1c6373aec.png)
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
14.5 | ![]() | 0.08 | 665 | 0.04 | -450 | 4 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bad4d71918a00ac2bf8b62ef6ecec521.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/005cf0e19d34079280a064501def715a.png)
若用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b5e94f8a8319781aa88a757943151be6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4c85067c53e936ef32da818efe04bdbb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6c8d67dcde5f17ebe61857cc12ca10c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d28a5f85892b8adadfa61f40d0f2545c.png)
(1)利用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83459e19b5f21de4d7ca62a46ff6e5b5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d69d4d1a7206657baa50c9a6eedb0bb1.png)
(2)根据(1)中所选择的模型,求y关于x的回归方程;并求同批次产品生产数量为25(吨)时y的预报值.
附:对于一组数据
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/56720e2f2b0ddd72156da495923698da.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2852ae85cfcc804b3192ea8543c88938.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/92abae836b8026511113ad8c3ea23028.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3c79254d08860d0772f8a2cd86f94b4a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e10e3b7bb83a862264af05706a49524b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/936d1e61eae0ffb63762ac87b2cdfefd.png)
年份 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
年份代码![]() | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
垃圾焚烧无害化 处理厂的个数 y | 166 | 188 | 220 | 249 | 286 | 331 | 389 | 463 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
(2)求出
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
(3)对于2035年全国生活垃圾焚烧无害化处理厂的个数,还能用(2)所求的经验回归方程预测吗?请简要说明理由.
参考公式:相关系数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c3ae9421919944d997c304d7711b4b67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1db6103cb0f1d2bd6b19235d53ee7e98.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b76c7294338149b6a7b92f11e9e87bd2.png)
参考数据:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/285ea6c4dbe6d1f67d28712d4a7e20a6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8057fa62aba5e7ec8e26a338995975d5.png)
年份 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
年份代码x | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
新能源乘用车年销售y(万辆) | 50 | 78 | 126 | 121 | 137 | 352 |
(2)若用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/002e6d30ff13370354b4ea024ee211a2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ff6dd856dee17b899f0b90fb9f1b6478.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4c85067c53e936ef32da818efe04bdbb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4c85067c53e936ef32da818efe04bdbb.png)
(3)你认为(2)中用哪个模型得到的预测值更可靠?请说明理由.
参考数据:设
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c9607020fd3480f5cc027909a0a27fd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7e621e35294684155ef57b9c7517c098.png)
144 | 4.78 | 841 | 5.70 | 380 | 528 |
参考公式:对于一组具有线性相关关系的数据
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9bd73c6f7a5ed33663927fe8738b72cf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/929ef3bed0a4bdd22f39e036506dc481.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9218b61bbc7b5304adf61be07f0a98ae.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ebff20f21ae41fd8d1f1e3145895842.png)
旅游类别 | 城市展馆科技游 | 乡村特色游 | 齐鲁红色游 | 登山套票 | 游园套票 | 观海套票 |
套票价格x(元) | 39 | 49 | 58 | 67 | 77 | 86 |
购买数量y(万人) | 16.7 | 18.7 | 20.6 | 22.5 | 24.1 | 25.6 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/86a28e40109d8d7fd7657ef4bb412698.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0961de54f89a6ea1475cca18abd32d2f.png)
附:①可能用到的数据:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73558e076d04cb8bc060c394a4054dfa.png)
②对于一组数据
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9ed39e2929a97d8188fa7c69a416724d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5060aceef62b09f13b6ae9e17e015e9c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1a33e789c507b109bc913cc2a2d6b36.png)
(1)根据所给数据,求y关于x的回归方程;
(2)按照文旅部门的指标测定,当购买数量y与套票价格x的比在区间
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e0203e109cc88d1400a32f42bc10a5f3.png)