1 . Should you work out in the gym in the morning instead of in the evening? It all depends. Of course, there are advantages of working out(运动) in the morning.
You will increase your energy for the rest of the day. “Morning workouts result in better energy levels throughout the day and give you more mental sharpness,” says Dr. Cedrie Byrant, Chief Science Officer of the American Council on Exercise.
Here is another advantage. In 2017, health researchers found that exercising in the morning helps you sleep better at night. According to the study, in all cases, those who exercised at 7:00am experienced about a 10 percent drop in blood pressure that carried through the rest of the day. They also had about a 25 percent drop in blood pressure at night, slept longer and had more beneficial sleep cycles than when they exercised at other times of the day.
However, there are disadvantages, too.
If you are not an early riser, getting out of the bed in the morning can be very difficult. Byran says that if you’re not used to exercising in the morning and force yourself to get up, you may not put as much effort into the exercise as you would later in the day. Also, if you aren’t careful, you can damage your sleep schedule, which can lead to insufficient sleep.
Besides, hitting the gym before work can cause a challenge in terms of scheduling. If you work a 9-to-5 job, getting ready for work and going to work can cut your morning workout short, Byrant notes.
To sum up, it has both advantages and disadvantages. If it suits you better to work out in the morning, you can do so.
1. What did health researchers find about working out in the morning in 2017?| A．It made you more tired at night. | B．It was good for your sleep at night. |
| C．It increased your blood pressure. | D．It led to better mental sharpness. |
| A．Not good. | B．Uncomfortable. |
| C．Not enough. | D．Unbroken. |
| A．may have to suffer | B．can benefit you greatly |
| C．is impossible to carry out | D．makes you manage time better |
| A．Jogging. | B．Swimming. | C．Basketball. |
1.介绍学太极好处；
2.负责联系学习地点和老师。
注意:1.词数100左右；信的开头已经写好。
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
4 . Do you think you would work out more if you were offered money to do so? Science has shown that money can give people motivation to work out, but perhaps not in the way that you think.
According to a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine Journal, the best strategy isn’t offering money; it’s giving someone money, then threatening to take it away.
Researchers gave 281 people the goal of walking 7,000 steps every day over 13 weeks.
To motivate the people who took part to reach the goal, researchers divided them into three groups.
People in the first group received $1,40(9 yuan) each day as long as they finished 7,000 steps, the second group was only able to collect the $1.40 if they had reached 7,000 steps the day before, and the third group was given $42 at the beginning of each month and $1.40 was taken away every time someone failed to meet the goal.
The third group met their daily fitness goals 50 percent more often than the other two groups, showing that people were most motivated to walk by the fear of losing money.
“People are more motivated by losses than gains, and they like immediate gratification.” study author Dr Mitesh Patel, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania in the US, told CNN. “They want to be rewarded today, not next year or far into the future.”
Our brains tend to avoid wanting to lose things more than they try to get the benefits from gaining them, Patel explained. “It makes people think like the money is theirs to lose from day one.”
In addition, in most programs, many participants will drop out quickly and only the motivated will stay involved, Patel said.
“In ours, we were pleasantly surprised that 96 percent stayed.” he added.
The study provides evidence that what matters is not only the money incentive （激励）, but also how you think about them. This is important to how effective they are. The evidence could have a big effect on health promotion programs in the future, according to the study.
“Incentives themselves are not all you need,” Stephanie Pronk, a health and wellness consultant with the Aonplc corporation, told The Wall Street Journal. “It’s really important to change up the incentive design and keep people on their toes.”
1. According to Dr Mitesh Patel, the third group did better than the other two groups mostly because______.| A．they were satisfied with being paid immediately |
| B．they did not want the money they had gained to be taken away |
| C．they were able to get more money than the other two groups |
| D．they were given money at first while the others were not |
| A．prove that their program has been more successful |
| B．show that motivation mattered more in other programs |
| C．stress that they didn’t expert the result |
| D．make a further comparison between these programs |
| A．Incentives are of little importance in the process of getting fit. |
| B．Incentives and ways in which they are given are key to fitness programs. |
| C．People should keep fit actively instead of being motivated by incentives. |
| D．There are many ways to get people to feel motivated to work out more. |
| A．more benefits than losses should be obvious for participants |
| B．direct profits should be given rather than long-term ones |
| C．designers need to consider how people think about incentives |
| D．designers need to work out the right from of motivation |
5 . Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later? Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.
“This is an animal study, but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important—not just for physical development, but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的）development during ageing,”says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto, Canada.“ In humans, it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms（阿茨海默氏症）, possibly to the point of preventing them.”
Wojtowicz’s team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups, and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks. Around four months later—when the rats had reached middle age—the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific. When placed in the box, they froze with fear.
Two weeks later, the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room, the same box with the room arranged differently, and a completely different box in a different room.
The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations, suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous. But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.
"The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young, at least for rats, has influence on brain and cognitive health—in the form of better memories—when we're older," says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston, who has found that, in humans, exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.
1. The study shows that_____.| A．physical activity is important for physical health |
| B．using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats’ growth |
| C．physical activity can prevent human’s Alzheimer's symptoms |
| D．the more exercise a rat has when young, the better memory it will possess when older |
| A．By analyzing causes. |
| B．By giving an example. |
| C．By describing the process. |
| D．By showing differences. |
| A．Exercise. | B．Development. |
| C．Benefit. | D．Study. |
| A．Negative. | B．Objective. |
| C．Critical. | D．Doubtful. |
6 . How Teens Can Stay Fit
Any type of regular, physical activity can improve your fitness and your health. Doing physical exercise is easy, but the difficult thing is that you keep moving!
Take it one step at a time.
Get your heart pumping (跳动). Whatever you choose, make sure it includes aerobic (有氧的) activity that makes you breathe harder and increases your heart rate. This is the best type of exercise because it increases your fitness level and makes your heart and lungs work better.
Don’t forget to warm up with some easy exercises or stretching (拉伸) before you do any physical activity.
| A．It also burns off body fat |
| B．Stay positive and have fun |
| C．Physical exercise can help prevent diseases |
| D．Small changes can add up to better fitness |
| E．Exercise should be a regular part of your day |
| F．This warms your muscles up and may help protect against injury |
| G．Do the activity as often as possible, but don’t exercise to the point of pain. |
Reasons to exercise regularly. You’ve been told a hundred times that exercise is good for your health.
You will become more confident.
You will live longer. It’s no secret that healthy living will keep you alive longer. One study found that exercise improves life expectancy as much as quitting smoking.
You will sleep better. If you ever have trouble falling asleep at night, it is a good way to solve this problem with regular exercise. The National Sleep Foundation says that regular exercise can help you sleep better.
| A．You will be happier. |
| B．You will improve your memory. |
| C．It is really true that sitting all day is killing you. |
| D．Both of these are important parts of losing weight. |
| E．It’s true, and it’s good for a lot more than just losing weight or building muscle. |
| F．Obviously, exercise can improve your appearance which can improve confidence. |
| G．The best time to exercise is in the morning or in the afternoon, rather than before bed. |
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My mother is a teacher work in a key high school. She is too busy that she often has to get up early and stay up late. In addition to this, she hardly has any times to take exercise. She has been on poor health for some time. My father and I are worried that she may fall ill if she works too hard. These days I’m thinking why to develop my mother’s interest in playing sports. Considered that today is Mother’s Day, I decided buy a pair of jogging shoes for her. I secret put them on the desk in her study. When my mother entered into her study this evening, she looked surprised, but she immediately realized my intention. She promises that she would go jogging every evening.
9 . Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods.
With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you.
Do not miss meals. Before yon leave home for a feast(宴会),have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough.
Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them. Choose lean meat(瘦肉 ).Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate.Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories.
1. Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may ______| A．bring weight problems |
| B．bring you much trouble in your life |
| C．make you worried about your foos |
| D．make you hate delicious foods |
| A．drink much water and have vegetables only |
| B．not eat the food in high fat |
| C．not accept invitations to feasts |
| D．turn away from delicious foods |
| A．vegetables | B．water |
| C．calories of energy | D．physical exercise |
| A．can't control themselves | B．go to too many feasts |
| C．enjoy delicious foods | D．can't help turning away from the foods |
| A．energy | B．fat |
| C．food | D．something invisible (看不见) |
The “in” look is thin. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, slim executives to sell their image and their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline and self-respect. After all, people think, how can people who care about themselves, and therefore the way they look, allow themselves to become fat? In an image conscious society like the U.S. , fat is “out”.
It is not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become obsessed (着迷) with staying slim and “in shape”. The pursuit of youthful physical appearance is not, however, the only reason for America’s obsession with diet and exercise.
Recent research has shown the great importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed very quickly during the course of last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As the result of inactivity and disuse, people’s bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising.
The effects of this new appreciation of the importance of exercise is clear: parks are filled with joggers and bicyclists, physical education programs are enjoying a newly-founded fame and many companies are providing exercise equipment for their employees to use during the work day.
1. In the United States, fat is something ________.
| A．people always talk about |
| B．not regarded as a taboo topic |
| C．people usually pay no attention to |
| D．belonging to the same treatment as other taboos |
| A．Their work helps them to look youthful |
| B．They are energetic and successful. |
| C．Their appearances affects their behavior |
| D．They are lacking in self-discipline. |
| A．Mary does her housework by hand. |
| B．Celia takes part in a marathon |
| C．Cecilia goes to her office by car. |
| D．Margaret plays badminton every Saturday. |
| A．Because these parks are fit for sports. |
| B．Because people are enjoying prestigious status in parks. |
| C．Because people are taking part in physical education programs. |
| D．Because people now recognize they should do more exercise. |
