1 . The prevalence (普遍) of sweatshop (血汗工厂) labor depends largely on the definition being used. At its most
It can be
Another factor that
Certain economists argue against the popular opinion that sweatshop labor should be considered
However, other experts think that
A.accurate | B.general | C.applicable | D.specific |
A.opinion | B.condition | C.image | D.representation |
A.However | B.Moreover | C.Therefore | D.Otherwise |
A.tax | B.criminal | C.civil | D.labor |
A.exclusively | B.particularly | C.broadly | D.initially |
A.meaningless | B.significant | C.awkward | D.difficult |
A.After all | B.As a result | C.Above all | D.As usual |
A.adds to | B.results from | C.puts off | D.appeals to |
A.in spite of | B.in addition to | C.in terms of | D.in return for |
A.comparative | B.competitive | C.complicated | D.potential |
A.By contrast | B.In turn | C.All in all | D.Last but not least |
A.necessary | B.constructive | C.illegal | D.inhuman |
A.encouraged | B.forbidden | C.reminded | D.obliged |
A.establishing | B.enforcing | C.maintaining | D.dropping |
A.possible | B.incredible | C.avoidable | D.necessary |
2 . In America, the “Big Dig”, a highway project that resulted in a mess of traffic in the centre of Boston for years, came in five times over its initial budget. Even the Germans get huge projects wrong. Conception to operation of Berlin Brandenburg Airport has taken 30 years, with seven missed opening dates. The airport ended up costing $8.2 billion. However, the original estimate was about $2.7 billion.
Huge projects like Berlin Brandenburg Airport are the subject of an amusing new book called How Big Things Get Done by Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner. Mr. Flyvbjerg sets up a database of over 16, 000 projects and data analysis reveals that only 8.5% of the projects meet their initial estimates on cost and time, and 0.5% of them achieve what they set out to do on cost, time and benefits.
Over-optimistic time and cost estimates originate from both psychological and political perceptions: the reliance on intuition (直觉) rather than data, and a problem that Mr. Flyvbjerg calls “strategic misrepresentation”. This is when budgets are intentionally reduced in order to get things going. And once the projects are under way, they will not be stopped, because money spent on them will thus be wasted.
Mr. Flyvbjerg speaks highly of Pixar’s methodical approach to developing and testing films in great detail before they go into production. He also tells the story of how Frank Gehry’s well-developed architectural models helped ensure the success of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao. Narrowing down the producing window of a project before it is actually carried out reduces the probability of unexpected events.
Big customized projects are particularly likely to run into trouble. However, the more a project can be divided into standardized processes, the better its prospects are. Projects run into problems for specific reasons as well as general ones: Britain’s trouble is not something that China has to worry about, for instance. But the iron law is that if you plan strictly and standardize where possible, you are less likely to dig yourself into a hole.
1. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage?A.By making a contrast. | B.By giving an explanation. |
C.By presenting examples. | D.By showing an experience. |
A.Projects’ success rates can be estimated. |
B.Projects’ desired outcome can’t be achieved. |
C.Most projects suffer overspending and delays. |
D.Most projects lack comprehensive data analysis. |
A.Failures in decision-making. | B.Methods of reducing massive costs. |
C.Strategies for getting work done. | D.Reasons behind inaccurate estimates. |
A.Planning thoroughly in advance. |
B.Analyzing specific and general reasons. |
C.Focusing on efficiency of projects. |
D.Drawing lessons from former experiences. |
3 . If you look at the dynamic “Global Temperatures” map on NASA’s website, you can see the historic temperature change over time across the planet as the timeline goes from 1880 to the modern day. By 2019, the entire planet is in red, orange, and yellow colors, indicating temperatures much higher than the historical average in every country and human inhabitance.
If the timeline went to 2023, the map would look even worse. That’s because the summer of 2023 was the hottest ever, according to ocean monitors. July was the hottest month in recorded history. Next July could be worse. Unless we do something quickly, we face dealing with more and more dangerous and expensive natural disasters in the future.
Forest fires sent smoke from Canada across the North American continent, causing New York City to have the worst air quality in its recorded history. Heavy rainstorms fell on Vermont and the Northeastern United States in just a couple of days in the middle of July, which exceeded the amount that area would usually receive in two months and caused extreme damage to homes and businesses. Around the same time, flash flooding in Bucks County, Pennsylvania — north of Philadelphia — killed nearly a dozen people.
Erich Fischer, a researcher specializing in climate studies at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, is concerned that natural disasters could get much worse in the future—and in ways we cannot predict. He called for a “strike for climate justice,” which actually took place on Sept. 15, 2023. “The strategy needs to be twofold (双重的) . We need to decrease carbon emissions as much as realistically possible. That is already happening with people using electric cars and other green technologies. At the same time, we also need to find ways to predict the risk of natural disasters ahead of time,” said Erich Fischer.
1. Why does the writer mention the data on NASA’s website in paragraph 1?A.To explain a concept. | B.To introduce a topic. |
C.To provide a solution. | D.To make a prediction. |
A.The severity of natural disasters. | B.The worst air quality in New York City. |
C.The extreme damage by flash flooding. | D.The cause of the forests fires in Canada. |
A.He advocated a twofold strategy. |
B.He suggested forbidding carbon emissions. |
C.He required people to use more electric cars. |
D.He emphasized the awareness of climate changes. |
A.The Hottest Month in History | B.Natural Disasters in the World |
C.Extreme Weather Could Get Worse | D.Green Technology Would be Needed |
4 . Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix 2024
From April 19 to 21, the much-anticipated 2024 Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix will come alive with the roar of engines at the Shanghai International Circuit. Details about tickets for the event are as follows.
Ticket Price:
[Grandstand] [Session] [Price (RMB)]
A Platinum 3 Day Ticket 3880
• A High 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 2880/490/890/2490
• A Low 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 2280/390/690/1990
• H/K 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 1480/290/590/1290
• C/F/J/L 3 Day Ticket 480
Ticketing Instructions:
• This event adopts electronic tickets with one ticket per person. Children require a full-priced ticket, and children under the age of three are not allowed entry.
• For each session of this event, a maximum of 4 tickets per mobile phone number and 1 ticket per ID card number can be purchased. When purchasing tickets, buyers must provide the audience’s real name, a valid personal ID, and a valid mobile phone number. After a successful purchase, ticket purchasers should retain e-ticket seat information appropriately.
• Ticket refunds can be requested without fees from the date of purchase until 24: 00 on February 29, 2024. From 00:00 on March 1, 2024, to 24: 00 on April 15, 2024, refunds will invite a 10% handling fee. No refunds will be accepted from 00: 00 on April 16, 2024. Returned within 7 working days.
• This event implements real-name verification with ID card and facial recognition for entry.
• The schedule and arrangement of the competition may be subject to changes, and please stay tuned to Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix official WeChat and Weibo for the latest information.
1. What should be offered to buy a ticket?A.The audience’s nickname. | B.The audience’s e-ticket seat information. |
C.The audience’s WeChat number. | D.The audience’s available phone number. |
A.59 yuan. | B.531 yuan. | C.1, 062 yuan. | D.1, 180 yuan. |
A.It will last 7 days. | B.It will be exciting and noisy. |
C.It doesn’t limit the audience’s age. | D.It will never be postponed or cancelled. |
We Survived Getting Swallowed by a Whale
Respect and revere (敬畏) nature. I’m Julie, 56 years old, living in San Luis Obispo, California, about four miles from the beach. Every few years, the humpback whales come into the bay for several days while migrating.
In November 2020, the whales were around, so I took out my yellow double kayak (皮划艇) to watch the wildlife. I paddled out the pier (长堤) and saw seals, dolphins, and about 20 whales feeding on silverfish. They sprayed through their blowholes. Each one is huge, about 15 metres long. Sometimes they turned side fins as if waving at me. It was incredible.
At the time, my friend Liz was with me. We had met 28 years earlier. I asked Liz if she wanted to see the whales. I really wanted to share the magnificent experience with her.
“No way,” she said. She’s terrified of whales and sharks. I promised that the craft was stable and safe enough. Moreover, humpback whales couldn’t swallow down kayaks for their throats were tight even though they had enormous mouths and white-wall-like internal mouth structures, not to mention that we got paddles and life jackets. After some persuasion, Liz finally agreed.
We set off at about 8:30 the next morning. There were already about 15 other kayakers in the bay. One hour later, I spotted two whales right past the pier, swimming toward us. We were in awe, feeling amazed to be so close to a creature that size.
When whales swam down after breaching (跃身激浪), they disappeared in ripples. I figured if we paddled there, we’d be safe since they’d just left. We followed them at a distance—or what I thought was a distance. I later learned that it’s recommended to keep 90 metres away, or about the length of a football field. We were probably 18 metres away.
All of a sudden, a swarm (群) of fish started jumping out of the water into our kayak. Their movement sounded like crackling glass. Now I knew we were too close. I was terrified. Then our kayak was lifted out of the water—about two metres—and tipped back into the ocean. I figured the whale was going to drag us down somehow, and I had no idea how deep.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I didn’t realize that Liz and I sitting in the kayak were in the whale’s mouth.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankfully, the whale spitted us out, people paddling to help, shooting videos.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________China is now pursuing high-quality development, which has been boosted by “new quality productive forces” and new innovations. This is not a bolt from the blue; instead, it has been conditioned by internal and external
Internally, China is pursuing high-quality, innovation-driven development. From the 1980s to the 2010s, China’s GDP grew at
Externally, global tensions have motivated China
From 2021 onwards, China
The previous five-year plans
China is aware of the importance of boosting domestic
Once, a poor boy lived in a village with his mother and little sisters. The village was beautiful, but not a highly populated area, since many of its residents had moved to the cities in search of livelihood.
The boy’s mother worked very hard to feed her children. His father had passed away a few years ago. One day, as the mother was returning from work, rain started. She was wet through by the time she reached home. She was trembling badly, and fell sick. After a few days of being ill, she passed away.
Now there was no one at the home who could work and make some money. The food was over in a few days. One morning, the boy woke up feeling hungry, but there was nothing to eat. His two younger sisters were also hungry, and they looked at their brother with sad eyes.
At first, the boy didn’t know what he could do to feed his sisters and himself. He was not strong enough to do heavy jobs. Besides, he had no technique to do skilled work. However, they had to live. So finally, the boy decided to do some work and earn money to buy food. After sometime, he found a part-time job to do. He worked very hard. The boss was quite satisfied with the intelligent boy and his workmates liked him and cared for him as much as possible. Gradually, the boy got enough money to buy items for his sisters and himself. Soon they rode out the storm and lived a happy life.
One day, on the way home, the boy saw an old man on the roadside, who looked very sick. The boy went to him and asked, “Why are you sitting beside the road all alone? May I help you?” The old man was surprised to hear the voice of the young boy.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The old man replied that he was sick and could hardly walk.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Soon the boy and his two young sisters got attached to the old man.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1. 活动目的;
2. 比赛时间、地点、评委人选等。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Roberson,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
9 . About four weeks ago, our dear little Persian cat Ashleigh Faith died at the age of 16, for which we felt sad. We
Recently, our neighbor called and
A.adored | B.adopted | C.comforted | D.recognized |
A.eat | B.play | C.bark | D.sleep |
A.shy | B.smart | C.tiny | D.cute |
A.flying | B.pacing | C.rolling | D.travelling |
A.turning around | B.cheering up | C.settling in | D.dropping on |
A.eyes | B.hearts | C.clothes | D.walls |
A.tough | B.cold | C.embarrassing | D.relaxing |
A.secretly | B.anxiously | C.calmly | D.enthusiastically |
A.care for | B.rely on | C.come across | D.stare at |
A.shelter | B.mail | C.hide | D.carry |
A.amazingly | B.strangely | C.eventually | D.instantly |
A.disappointing | B.depressing | C.appealing | D.promising |
A.reliable | B.active | C.discouraged | D.disconnected |
A.watches | B.helps | C.fancies | D.approaches |
A.protect | B.drive | C.disturb | D.greet |
10 . Few dogs are as energetic as Sedze, a white Shih Tzu whose name means “my heart” in the Dogrib language. Last summer, the little dog went through a life
On August 13, Louise, the owner of Sedze, was
The group
Later that evening, the group finally arrived. Louise called her daughter, Jilaine, who lived in Calgary, and
Sedze was alive and well. And as it turned out, Ryan had also evacuated to High Level. While talking, they discovered that they were standing on opposite sides of a street. “It was the greatest feeling when he brought her over,” she said. Today, Louise still
A.experiment | B.competition | C.trial | D.game |
A.putting away | B.packing up | C.setting aside | D.reaching into |
A.mild | B.massive | C.controllable | D.avoidable |
A.crashed | B.marched | C.jumped | D.looked |
A.exhausted | B.satisfied | C.fascinated | D.annoyed |
A.building | B.hitting | C.crossing | D.blocking |
A.nightmares | B.memories | C.enemies | D.challenges |
A.held | B.walked | C.wrote | D.sped |
A.deliberately | B.accidentally | C.carefully | D.randomly |
A.evidence | B.impression | C.sign | D.point |
A.delighted | B.injured | C.frozen | D.heartbroken |
A.ignored | B.broke | C.covered | D.received |
A.burst | B.idea | C.update | D.improvement |
A.protected | B.confirmed | C.stole | D.hid |
A.looks | B.laughs | C.wonders | D.aims |