河南省许昌市鄢陵县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中数学试题
河南
八年级
期中
2024-05-24
38次
整体难度:
容易
考查范围:
数与式、图形的性质
一、单选题 添加题型下试题
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67156a68e3937a0114be1b502e0ab5ae.png)
A.x≥1 | B.x≥0 | C.x≥﹣1 | D.x≤0 |
【知识点】 二次根式有意义的条件解读
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
【知识点】 利用二次根式的性质化简解读
A.∠A+∠B=∠C | B.∠A:∠B:∠C=1:2:3 | C.![]() | D.a:b:c=4:4:6 |
【知识点】 三角形内角和定理的应用解读 判断三边能否构成直角三角形解读
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
A.25 | B.5 | C.16 | D.12 |
A.OA=OC,OB=OD | B.AB=CD,AD=BC |
C.AB∥CD,AD=BC | D.∠ABD=∠CDB,∠ADB=∠CBD |
【知识点】 判断能否构成平行四边形解读
A.三角形 | B.梯形 | C.正方形 | D.五边形 |
【知识点】 正方形折叠问题
c.一组邻边相等 d.一个角是直角
顺次添加的条件:①a→c→d②b→d→c③a→b→c
则正确的是:( )
A.仅① | B.仅③ | C.①② | D.②③ |
【知识点】 添一个条件使四边形是正方形解读
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d40b319212a7e7528b053e1c7097e966.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/731d56828e307b8be0c7b7b697356a97.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/454328a8e75953fdb0835ce80d9566e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41f3a30d63fde5623d018b4a77231967.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/7/1/2754694969745408/2754866870067200/STEM/039df83f-eed0-41c4-9b7f-265ce576baea.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.3 | D.![]() |
【知识点】 等边三角形的判定和性质 利用菱形的性质求线段长解读
二、填空题 添加题型下试题
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0dc5c9827dfd0be5a9c85962d6ccbfb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0dc5c9827dfd0be5a9c85962d6ccbfb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c08094f72d5bd69246c453dd28e33d1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
【知识点】 三角形中位线的实际应用解读
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d40b319212a7e7528b053e1c7097e966.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1c87eb3ed1ee03bb5426d1a1ff1cde70.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e40cc1f35e71e2abf5943a21fe448df4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
【知识点】 含30度角的直角三角形解读 根据矩形的性质求线段长解读
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5138a9f70d5e8b0580e30fef6eb7baef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1337ce85d29edabcc2fadb9a9cc31ce5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/53c51c25b65a37b676ae3c3b71c29f9b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3a5d992ef98236bad9728cf0d23644a0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9547f6b5c7c54d216ecea72becb7d373.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/03902478df1a55bc99703210bccab910.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0dc5c9827dfd0be5a9c85962d6ccbfb1.png)
【知识点】 利用平行四边形的性质求解解读 全等三角形拼平行四边形问题
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/96bd5fefb9a7c618d1ef8d73b3c43cd4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/85ff25d199ed08889e549c839e6f401f.png)
【知识点】 利用二次根式的性质化简解读
三、解答题 添加题型下试题
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5625362801135034fa4da513fc2ffdee.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36e5c4a25a1616e1592aec16f44bca95.png)
(1)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e7e7f382e0ae668cc85d36fe20c7cf8.png)
(2)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ddc7862557cf8f314654992086b6ff7.png)
【知识点】 运用完全平方公式进行运算解读 二次根式的混合运算解读
①测得BD的长度为15米;(注:BD⊥CE)
②根据手中剩余线的长度计算出风筝线BC的长为25米;
③牵线放风筝的小明身高1.6米.
求风筝的高度CE.
【知识点】 用勾股定理构造图形解决问题解读
勾股定理的证明.勾股定理,是几何学中一颗光彩夺目的明珠,被称为“几何学的基石”,而且在高等数学和其他学科中也有着极为广泛的应用.正因为这样,世界上几个文明古国都已发现并且进行了广泛深入的研究,我国三国时期的数学家赵爽在为《周髀算经》作注时,利用“弦图”巧妙地给出了勾股定理的证明,这个证明是有史以来四百多种证明中最巧妙的证法之一.
在西方勾股定理也称毕达哥拉斯定理.其中,美国第二十任总统詹姆斯·伽菲尔德的证法在数学史上被传为佳话.他将两个直角三角形拼成一个梯形(如图),根据基本活动经验:“表示同一个量(这里指梯形的面积)的两个代数式相等”进行证明.任务:
(2)根据阅读内容,图中梯形的面积分别可以表示为______和_______.
(3)根据(2)中的结果,写出证明过程.
(2)猜想与证明:试猜想线段AE与CF的数量关系,并加以证明.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41aba1711910c6f533cc94319104f4fd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/700d946aa8e33e2215f20586cb6ff923.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/432043f79e122f291c47453013042704.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/654bdcd4d474a9899693db1eec0d71e0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d65502a7ea4d1ce6d6d8c720845c73e0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54733a90553ee43517e9c556a112759a.png)
(2)t为何值时,四边形
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a7102270bc62a8a1e69d638cce2d814.png)
【知识点】 证明四边形是平行四边形解读 证明四边形是矩形解读
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/49b50357a6545cae8348e3059312f520.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/15/401c7e71-0c5c-4d4a-a86d-a032ae365992.png?resizew=164)
(1)求证:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/34ce20041958dec142a52d3ddda51d50.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/093cbfa9b207b98e13ee4633be04d47d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0dc5c9827dfd0be5a9c85962d6ccbfb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/03902478df1a55bc99703210bccab910.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f40b3bf6b27f936e0747de92151a1f77.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac679f877d3e3b3acef1f1f8e3654b4b.png)
(2)如图2,在正方形
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/03902478df1a55bc99703210bccab910.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/582592ceedb907f96469916fcb734c1d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e80f310ccddd7c0c6dc5323a299769a.png)
(3)运用(1)(2)解答中所积累的经验和知识,完成下题:如图3,在四边形
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/edd7caa00042204c808564178878266d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de13b90ee61450dcf26f2f04b010b3b4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f510d1a5bab3969602ebd16db6bd94ce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60d9142db4dd2ef151bf3d4a63afb61e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3570a95f68349fcd9417fcda62e78e7e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/582592ceedb907f96469916fcb734c1d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b7cbfaec1d9dcaaf159b060163436113.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7978151ee28b5d0b797786526d303d21.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/edd7caa00042204c808564178878266d.png)
试卷分析
试卷题型(共 23题)
试卷难度
细目表分析 导出
题号 | 难度系数 | 详细知识点 | 备注 |
一、单选题 | |||
1 | 0.85 | 二次根式有意义的条件 | |
2 | 0.94 | 最简二次根式的判断 | |
3 | 0.94 | 利用二次根式的性质化简 | |
4 | 0.94 | 三角形内角和定理的应用 判断三边能否构成直角三角形 | |
5 | 0.94 | 全等的性质和ASA(AAS)综合(ASA或者AAS) 用勾股定理解三角形 | |
6 | 0.85 | 判断能否构成平行四边形 | |
7 | 0.85 | 利用菱形的性质证明 | |
8 | 0.85 | 正方形折叠问题 | |
9 | 0.85 | 添一个条件使四边形是正方形 | |
10 | 0.65 | 等边三角形的判定和性质 利用菱形的性质求线段长 | |
二、填空题 | |||
11 | 0.65 | 三角形中位线的实际应用 | |
12 | 0.85 | 无理数的大小估算 无理数整数部分的有关计算 二次根式的混合运算 | |
13 | 0.85 | 含30度角的直角三角形 根据矩形的性质求线段长 | |
14 | 0.65 | 利用平行四边形的性质求解 全等三角形拼平行四边形问题 | |
15 | 0.85 | 利用二次根式的性质化简 | |
三、解答题 | |||
16 | 0.65 | 利用二次根式的性质化简 二次根式的加减运算 二次根式的混合运算 | 计算题 |
17 | 0.85 | 运用完全平方公式进行运算 二次根式的混合运算 | 问答题 |
18 | 0.65 | 用勾股定理构造图形解决问题 | 计算题 |
19 | 0.85 | 用勾股定理解三角形 勾股定理的证明方法 | 证明题 |
20 | 0.85 | 全等三角形的性质 全等的性质和ASA(AAS)综合(ASA或者AAS) 作垂线(尺规作图) 利用矩形的性质证明 | 作图题 |
21 | 0.85 | 证明四边形是平行四边形 证明四边形是矩形 | 证明题 |
22 | 0.85 | 用ASA(AAS)证明三角形全等(ASA或者AAS) 勾股定理与折叠问题 矩形与折叠问题 | 证明题 |
23 | 0.4 | 全等的性质和SAS综合(SAS) 用勾股定理解三角形 根据正方形的性质证明 | 证明题 |