1 . An 18-year-old student at Stanford University was struggling to pay his fees. Not knowing where to turn for money, he came up with a bright_______. He and a friend decided to host a musical concert on campus to_______money for their education.

They_______out to the great pianist Ignacy J. Paderewski. His manager_______a guaranteed fee of $2,000 for the piano recital（独奏会）. A deal was_______and the boys began to work to make the concert a_______.

The big day arrived. But_______, they had not managed to sell enough tickets. The total_______was only $ 1,600. Disappointed, they went to Paderewski and explained their plight (困境). They gave him the entire $1,600, plus a _______for the balance $400. They promised to honour the cheque at the________possible. Paderewski tore up the cheque, ________the $1,600 and told the two boys to keep the money they needed for the fees. The boys were________, and thanked him heartedly.

It was a small act of________. But it clearly marked out Paderewski________a great human being.________should he help two people he did not even know? We all________situations like these in our lives. And________of us only think “If I help them, what will happen to me?” The truly________people think, “If I don’t help them, what will happen to them?” They don't do it________something in return. They do it__________they feel it’s the right thing to do.

1.

A．time

B．task

C．idea

D．decision

2.

A．receive

B．raise

C．borrow

D．donate

3.

A．reached

B．turned

C．pointed

D．called

4.

A．increased

B．covered

C．considered

D．demanded

5.

A．rejected

B．struck

C．cancelled

D．attracted

6.

A．success

B．career

C．background

D．performance

7.

A．uncertainly

B．unbelievably

C．unfortunately

D．undoubtedly

8.

A．cost

B．bill

C．collection

D．allowance

9.

A．benefit

B．profit

C．charge

D．cheque

10.

A．soonest

B．latest

C．longest

D．farthest

11.

A．took

B．counted

C．deposited

D．returned

12.

A．pleased

B．surprised

C．frightened

D．interested

13.

A．devotion

B．kindness

C．sympathy

D．teamwork

14.

A．like

B．for

C．as

D．to

15.

A．How

B．Where

C．When

D．Why

16.

A．come across

B．deal with

C．adapt to

D．think of

17.

A．both

B．few

C．none

D．most

18.

A．able

B．rich

C．great

D．famous

19.

A．taking

B．expecting

C．offering

D．preparing

20.

A．because

B．though

C．before

D．so

2 . An old lady was walking with her basket down the middle of a street in Petrograd to the great confusion of the traffic and with no small danger to herself. It was pointed out to her that the pavement was the place for pedestrians, but she replied: “I’m going to walk where I like. We’ve got liberty now.” It did not occur to the dear old lady that if liberty entitled（授权）the pedestrian to walk down the middle of the road, then the end of such liberty would be universal chaos. Everybody would be getting in everybody else’s way and nobody would get anywhere. Individual liberty would have become social chaos.

There is a danger of the world getting liberty-drunk in these days like the old lady, and it is just as well to remind ourselves of what the rule of the road means .It means that in order that the liberties of all may be preserved, the liberties of everybody must be limited. When the policeman steps into the middle of the road and puts out his hand, he is the symbol not of tyranny（暴政）, but of liberty.

Liberty is not a personal affair only, but a social contract（契约）. In matters which do not touch anybody else’s liberty, of course, I may be as free as 1 like. If I go down the street dressed strangely, who shall say me no? We have a whole kingdom in which we rule alone and can do what we choose. But directly we step out of that kingdom, our personal liberty of action becomes qualified by other people’s liberty.

We all tend to forget this. A reasonable consideration for the rights or feelings of others is the base of social conduct.

1. What does the first paragraph serve as?

A．A background.

B．An introduction.

C．A comment.

D．An explanation.

2. Which is an example of getting liberty-drunk?

A．Park anywhere you like.	B．Walk along the pavement.
C．Wear whatever you like.	D．Make loud noises in the wild.

3. What might the author have stated his “rule of the road” (Paragraph 2) as?

A．Follow the orders of policemen.	B．Do what you like in private.
C．Never walk in the middle of the road.	D．Do not behave inconsiderately in public.

4. What does the underlined word “qualified” (Paragraph 3) mean?

A．Limited.

B．Ruined.

C．Improved.

D．Educated.

3 . Sometimes you meet an ordinary person doing something extraordinary. On a recent trip I met Normand Gallant. Normand is someone you could pass on the street and __ notice but he is a very special person who ___recognition.

Norm lives in a remote area far from the __ big hospital, so when his wife __ cancer several years ago, Norm was faced with a four hour __ to where she should be treated. That meant lots of __ for meals, fuel, hotels and so on. But in the end the cancer took his wife __.

Norm was obviously __ by his wife's passing, but he was also very angry, __ he realized that other people were __ the same sorts of hardships. He wanted to do something but he didn't want to give money to the __ that support cancer research because he didn’t know how much would actually get to the researchers. What he did was to       __ parties.

About every three weeks on Saturday evenings, there is a party in Norm’s garage. There is music and dancing and __ during the evening Norm tells about a family who are having difficulties __ the cost supporting a cancer patient undertaking __ far from home. Then a honey-pa1 is passed around and the money       __, every cent of it goes __ to that family.

Norm's personal loss has __ an act of kindness that honors the __ of the wife he has lost. Wouldn't it be __ if we had more people in the world like Normand Gallant? He makes the world a better place.1.

A．often

B．ever

C．always

D．never

2.

A．deserves.

B．dislikes

C．avoids

D．achieves

3.

A．best

B．nearest

C．cleanest

D．cheapest

4.

A．discovered

B．cured

C．examined

D．developed

5.

A．flight

B．walk

C．drive

D．wait

6.

A．trouble

B．expense

C．efforts

D．preparations

7.

A．anyway

B．somehow

C．meanwhile

D．instead

8.

A．impressed

B．stricken

C．moved

D．terrified

9.

A．if

B．although

C．before

D．because

10.

A．understanding

B．questioning

C．facing

D．settling

11.

A．doctors

B．families

C．organizations

D．hospitals

12.

A．attend

B．promote

C．throw

D．enjoy

13.

A．at some point

B．by this means

C．for some reason

D．in this case

14.

A．calculating

B．decreasing

C．budgeting

D．meeting

15.

A．research

B．treatment

C．responsibility

D．risk

16.

A．collected

B．distributed

C．saved

D．deposited

17.

A．gradually

B．smoothly

C．directly

D．explicitly

18.

A．served as

B．resulted from

C．gone through

D．contributed to

19.

A．memory

B．recovery

C．cancer

D．kindness

20.

A．interesting

B．nice

C．precious

D．meaningful

4 . Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal or at least many parts of it have. In some ways, however, very little has changed, particularly where attitudes are concerned. Ideas about social class --- whether a person is “working class” or “middle class” are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.
In the past, the working class tended to be paid less than middle-class people, such as teachers and doctors. As a result of this and also of the fact that workers’ jobs were generally much less secure, evident differences in lifestyles and attitudes came into existence. The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed, having given his wife her “housekeeping”, would go out and squander (挥霍) the rest on beer and betting.
The stereotype (模式化的思想) of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was --- and still is --- tended to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house as a most important thing , but he also considered the education of his children as extremely important. Both of these provided him and his family with security. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity ( or the education and training ) to make such long-term plans.
Nowadays, a great deal has changed. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much, if not more, than their middle-class administrators. Social security and laws have made it less necessary than before to worry about “tomorrow”. Working class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority（自卑） they had in the past. In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position.
The changes in both lifestyles and attitudes are probably most easily seen among younger people. They generally tend to share very similar tastes in music and clothes; they spend their money in having a good time, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in precious generations. Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paid. As long as this gap exists, there will always be a possibility that new conflicts and jealousies will arise, or rather that the old conflicts will re-appear, but between different groups.

1. According to the passage, which of the following is not a typical feature of the middle class?

A．Desiring for security.

B．Making long-term plans.

C．Having vision for the future.

D．Saving money.

2. The author seems to suggest that the description of ________________ is closer to truth.

A．middle-class ways of spending money

B．working class ways of spending the weekend

C．working class drinking habits

D．middle-class attitudes

3. Working class people’s sense of security increased as a result of all the following factors except _______________.

A．better social security	B．more administration
C．higher self-confidence	D．less income inequality

4. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A．Changes are slowly taking place in all sectors of the British society.

B．The gap between working class and middle class young people is narrowing.

C．Difference in income will remain but those in occupation will disappear.

D．Middle-class people may sometimes feel inferior to working class people.

5 . Most people know that awkward feeling when you step into an elevator（电梯） with other people and try not to make eye contact.
But new research suggests it may be down to a subconscious（潜意识的）power struggle being played out as you make your way up or down.
A study found that people decide where they stand based on a micro social grading, established within seconds of entering the lift.
Rebekah Rousi, a Ph.D. student in Cognitive Science, conducted a study of elevator behavior in two of the tallest office buildings in Adelaide, Australia.
As part of her research, she took a total of 30 lift rides in the two buildings, and discovered there was an established order to where people tended stand.
In a blog, she writes that more senior men seemed to direct themselves towards the back of the elevator cabins.
She said: 'In front of them were younger men, and in front of them were women of all ages.'
She also noticed there was a difference in where people directed their stare half way through the ride.
Men watched the monitors(监控器), looked in the side mirrors (in one building) to see themselves, and in the door mirrors (of the other building) to also watch others.
'Women would watch the monitors and avoid eye contact with other users (unless in conversation) and the mirrors,' she writes.
The student concluded it could be that people who are shyer stand toward the front, where they can't see other passengers, whereas brave people stand in the back, where they have a view of everyone else.
1. According to Rebekah Rousi, senior men intend to stand ______ of the elevator cabins.

A．in the front	B．in the middle
C．near the side mirrors	D．at the back

2. The underlined word “ them ” in paragraph 7 refers to ______.

A．senior men	B．younger women
C．younger men	D．Women

3. Why do women choose to stand in the front?

A．Because they are too shy to make eye contact with others.

B．Because they can have a view of everyone else.

C．Because they want to show their power.

D．Because they want to watch the monitors.

6 . Have you ever wondered when people will make up their minds to become friends? Dr. Leon answered the question in his book, “During their first four minutes together! Whenever you meet someone in a social situation, remember to focus your undivided attention on him for four minutes. That would change a lot of people’s whole lives.”
When you are introduced to new people, you are supposed to appear friendly and self-confident to attract them. Generally speaking, “You like those who like you.” On the other hand, it’s unwise to make others think you are too sure of yourself.
You may not sure about such advice, saying, “But In reality, I’m not either friendly or self-confident. That’s not my nature. Wouldn’t it be dishonest for me to behave that way?” For that question, Dr. Leon would tell you that a little practice can help you feel comfortable about changing your social habits. You will get used to any changes you choose to make in your personality(性格). “It’s like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old.”
However, you may still wonder if it’s dishonest to give the appearance of friendly and self-confidence while you don’t actually feel that way. Perhaps, but according to Dr. Leon, “Entire honesty” is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of two strangers’ being introduced to each other. There is a time for a certain amount of play-acting may be the best choice for the first few minutes of contacting a stranger. That is not a suitable time to complain about one’s health or to mention shortcomings you find in other people. It is not the right time to tell the whole truth about one’s opinions and impressions.
The author also makes it clear that that interpersonal(人际的) relations need to be regarded as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how you get along with other people. That is at least as important as how much you know.
1. Introduced to a new person, you are supposed to _______.

A．be sure of yourself without caring about the other’s feelings

B．be honest and always tell the whole truth even if it hurts

C．look friendly and confident at least for the first few minutes

D．directly point out faults you find in the other person

2. The author will probably agree that interpersonal relations ________.

A．should be treated as a required course in schools

B．are more important than other courses in school

C．play an equal part as other courses in some schools

D．are the only secrets to lead you to success in life

3. The underlined word “play-acting” in Para 4 means _________.

A．being totally honest

B．being a little dishonest

C．acting out what one feels

D．acting a role in a play

4. The best title for the passage could be __________.

A．The Key to Success

B．Best Ways to Make Friends

C．Personal Relations

D．The First Four Minutes

7 . When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines, Iowa, he told me about the only time he had been there. It was in the 1930s, when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University（SMU）in Dallas, Texas. He also worked as a professor at SMU, and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease. She couldn’t afford the operation because her family was poor.
Her mother ran a boardinghouse in Galveston, a seaside town near Houston, Texas. She was cleaning out the attic（阁楼）one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript（手稿）. On its top page were the words, “By O. Henry”. It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU, who showed it to my father. My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston. So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident. My father visited an O. Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, who authenticated the story as O. Henry’s.
My father then set out to sell it. Eventfully, he found himself in Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register. Cowles loves the story and bought it on the spot. My father took the money to the girl. It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.
My father never told me what the O. Henry story was about. But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story.
1. Who found the O. Henry’s manuscript?

A．The girl’s mother.	B．The author’s father.
C．The girl.	D．The author.

2. Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the   attic?

A．O. Henry once worked in Houston.

B．O. Henry once stayed in Galveston.

C．O. Henry once moved to Des Moines.

D．O. Henry once taught at SMU.

3. The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.

A．named	B．treated
C．proved	D．described

4. According to the text, why did the author’s father go to Des Moines?

A．To sell the O. Henry story.

B．To meet the author himself.

C．To talk with the O. Henry expert.

D．To give money to the girl.

8 . One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be _______ when you are not busy finding fault with it.

Several years ago I _______ a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always _______ by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and _______ was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really _______ person.

Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her _______. Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost _______ to deal with was that the day before the _______, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her _______ of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to ________. It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became ________ her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to ________ everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her ________ as well.

Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, ________ when we’re honest, we can be sharply ________ of the world. I’m not suggesting you ________ problems, or that you pretend things are ________ than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are — ________ most of the time, and especially when it’s not a really big ________.

Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂, and with a little ________, you’ll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.

1.

A．lonely

B．great

C．quiet

D．uneasy

2.

A．received

B．answered

C．expected

D．rejected

3.

A．threatened

B．interrupted

C．bothered

D．spoiled

4.

A．anything

B．everything

C．something

D．nothing

5.

A．caring

B．boring

C．interesting

D．surprising

6.

A．attitude

B．plan

C．measure

D．explanation

7.

A．urgent

B．unnecessary

C．certain

D．impossible

8.

A．occasion

B．event

C．accident

D．adventure

9.

A．memory

B．notice

C．evidence

D．choice

10.

A．hear

B．contribute

C．express

D．admit

11.

A．aware of

B．afraid of

C．curious about

D．confused about

12.

A．discuss

B．realize

C．judge

D．settle

13.

A．family

B．life

C．career

D．education

14.

A．so

B．or

C．but

D．for

15.

A．proud

B．sure

C．hopeful

D．critical

16.

A．face

B．create

C．solve

D．ignore

17.

A．rarer

B．better

C．stranger

D．worse

18.

A．at least

B．at last

C．by far

D．so far

19.

A．task

B．deal

C．result

D．duty

20.

A．practice

B．speech

C．rest

D．pity

9 . Women are friendly．But men are more competitive．Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin （荷尔蒙催生素）．Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently．
"Women tend to be social in their behavior．They often share with others．But men lend to be competitive．They are trying to improve their social status," said Professor Ryan．
Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions （互动） such as falling in love or giving birth．
But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy．
Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship．
Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37．Half of the participants（参与者）received oxytocin．The other half received placebo （安慰剂）．
After a week, the two groups switched with participants．They went through the same procedure with the other material．
Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions．Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions．The questions were about telling friendship from competition．And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions．
The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, men's ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better．
Professor Ryan thus concluded: "Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions．And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors （因素） that are mainly hormonal．"
1. What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?

A．Placebo．	B．Oxytocin．
C．The gesture．	D．The social status．

2. What can we learn from Professor Ryan's previous experiment?

A．Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way．

B．Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love．

C．Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others' success．

D．Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's behavior differences．

3. Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?

A．To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions．

B．To know the differences between friendship and competition．

C．To know people's different abilities to answer questions．

D．To test people's understanding of body language．

4. The author develops the text by______．

A．explaining people's behaviors

B．describing his own experiences

C．distinguishing sexual differences

D．discussing research experiments