1 . Walk or drive to work? Which way is lower in carbon (碳)? To be friendly to the environment, you may choose to walk. Have you ever tried to live a low-carbon life through your diet (日常饮食)?
A new study from the University of Oxford has looked into the health and environmental influences of 15 foods common in western diets. Among these, plant-based (基于植物的) foods included fruits, vegetables, nuts and potatoes. It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish.
According to the study’s lead researcher, Michael Clark, “Choosing better and greener diets is one of the main ways people can improve their health and protect the environment.” That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment.
To get this result, researchers compared the influence of eating another portion (一份) of each food with the increased risk of a few illnesses. They also find out the environmental harm for each animal-based food and each plant-based food.
By using this method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment. Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane (甲烷) that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2. As well as making the earth warmer, eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses, such as heart trouble.
Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefits (益处) in a much greener way. According to the study, without eating or using meat and milk products, global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and still feed the world.
Speaking to the Guardian, Tim Benton of Chatham House said, “If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place.”
1. Which one is animal-based food?| A．Milk products. | B．Fruits. | C．Vegetables. |
| A．Many people choose to walk to work. |
| B．Plant-based diets are healthier and greener. |
| C．The more we eat, the better the environment is. |
| A．The risk of heart trouble. | B．A reason for keeping animals. | C．Two disadvantages of red meats. |
| A．Teaching farmers to plant vegetables correctly. |
| B．Offering doctors new methods to treat patients. |
| C．Giving official advice on health and environment. |
I’m old, but I can still win（赢） many ping-pong games. How old am I? Do you know?
First, I think having breakfast is very important（重要的）.
I do some sports, too. I don’t think I am so old. I play tennis or ping-pong with my grandson every day.
| A．I think I am young. |
| B．I am 95 years old! |
| C．I don’t think they are healthy. |
| D．They don’t think they could do it. |
| E．I often have milk and bread for breakfast. |
3 . Do you want to be healthy? Food is very important. Milk and fish are healthy food. Milk is good for your teeth. Fish is good for your brain. Eat more fruit and vegetables, such as apples, oranges, tomatoes and carrots. They are good for our health too.
What about hamburgers, hot dogs, French fries and chips? Do you like cola, candy and ice cream? If your answers are “yes”, please take care. They are junk food! ________ Junk food has lots of fat, salt and sugar. Most scientists say junk food is unhealthy, but many people like it very much. Because it looks and tastes better, and people can keep it for a long time. If you are overweight, you should eat little junk food. Eating too much junk food may bring some health problems.
It’s important to remember: eat well, stay healthy and don’t get fat!
1. According to the passage, many people like junk food because it ________.① is cheap to make ②is quick and easy to eat
③ is easy to keep ④looks and tastes good
| A．①④ | B．③④ | C．②③ |
| A．Many people like it very much. |
| B．Junk food is healthy food. |
| C．What is junk food? |
| A．超重的 | B．超常的 | C．超值的 |
| A．What are healthy food |
| B．Favourite food and drink |
| C．Stay away from junk food |
Health is very important.
Zhang Wei: What helps me stay healthy? Well, I like fruit and vegetables. I eat a lot of them. I don’t eat junk food like chips (薯片).
Susan Brown: My mom helps me stay healthy.
Wang Gang: Well, I go swimming in the summer and skating in the winter. I don’t watch TV very often.
| A．She always makes me go to bed early on weekdays. |
| B．Chips make me fat—I dislike them. |
| C．I always read books in my spare time. |
| D．I like any kind of exercise. |
| E．How can we stay healthy? |
5 . Here’s a survey of Sally, Dale and Paul about their habits.
Sally | Dale | Paul | |
Drinking milk | Twice a day | Every morning | Never |
Eating fruit and vegetables | Four times a week | Once a week | Three times a week |
Exercising | Every day | Never | Twice a week |
| A．Never. | B．Every day. | C．Twice a week. |
| A．Sally | B．Dale | C．Paul |
6 . Almost every day, we discuss the topic of health, especially for kids. But what is health? “Health” means eating well, getting enough exercise and having a healthy weight. Next, let’s read the following rules. They can help you stay healthy.
▲Eat different kinds of food, especially fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating fruit and vegetables can help us stay healthy, but many of us only eat our favorite food. Remember that we can only get the nutrition we need by eating different kinds of food, especially fruit and vegetables.
▲Drink water and milk most often. Everyone knows that water is important. Besides that, kids need plenty of calcium（钙）to grow strong bones, and milk is rich in it. Every day, you should drink at least three cups of milk when you are 9 years old or older. You should also try to have less sugary drinks, like soda and cola. They include a lot of sugar. Sugar only includes calories（热量）, not important nutrition.
▲Listen to your body. When you are eating, notice how your body feels. When your stomach feels comfortably full, stop eating. Eating too much makes you feel uncomfortable. If you do it too often, it can make you unhealthy and fat.
▲Limit screen time. What’s screen time? It’s the amount of time you spend watching TV, movies and playing computer games. The more time you spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time you spend playing sports, like basketball, and doing other activities like riding and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.
1. “Health” includes the following except ________.| A．eating well | B．doing enough exercise | C．wearing beautiful clothes |
| A．维生素 | B．营养 | C．矿物质 |
| A．Drink at least three cups of milk. | B．Have less water. | C．Drink more cola. |
| A．We’ll feel comfortable. | B．We’ll keep healthy. | C．We’ll get fat. |
| A．We should spend less screen time every day. |
| B．We should spend more sports time every day. |
| C．We should spend less screen time and more sports time every day. |
7 . According to Chinese medicine, the human body changes just as the seasons change: spring (born), summer (grow), autumn (harvest) and winter (hide), it’s believed that eating seasonal food may be a way to keep our diet healthy.
Spring When the spring comes, look for carrots and mushrooms.
| Summer Summer gives people lots of foods. Among them, berries are the best choice. So try blueberries and strawberries.
| Autumn There are lots of foods to try, such as pears, cabbages and all kinds of lettuce. They can improve your immune system (免疫力) and keep you warm.
| Winter In the cold winter months, many green leafy vegetables are good. Other choices to try are fruits like lemons and oranges.
|
| A．eating seasonal food | B．taking medicine | C．seeing a doctor |
| A．Oranges | B．Strawberries | C．Cabbages |
| A．Medicine | B．Clothes | C．Travel Diary |
8 . Today, there are many ads on social media and most ads are impossible to avoid, especially when people follow some famous influencers. The influencers are Internet celebrities(名人) with lots of social media followers, and their posts can influence lots of people. The new data from a research made by a teen researcher shows that these influencers promote(推销) more unhealthy foods and drinks than other celebrities.
The new findings come from Nyasha Nyoni, 17. Nyasha is an athlete who likes cooking in the kitchen. Being healthy is important to her. She used to look at food and drink ads on mainstream ( 主 流 ) media. “I thought it would be interesting to look at social media,” Nyasha says, “because it’s a newer technology and it is growing so quickly.” Social-media platforms are often paid to promote foods and drinks. Nyasha wondered how healthy those products were, so she chose to make a research about it.
First, Nyasha needed a list of Internet celebrities’accounts(账号). She picked 100 athletes from a Forbes list of the world’s highest-paid athletes. Her list of 100 musicians came from Billboard’s hot 100 songs. And she picked 100 biggest influencers on social media. Nyasha looked through their posts about promoting foods and drinks in 2019 and 2020. It turns out that the influencers promoted more snack products than other groups. Snacks were the unhealthiest food on social media.
Nyasha was surprised by the result of her research. It didn’t match up with her experience or other studies. She’d expected influencers to promote more diet-related products. However, snacks were the most popular type of products by all three groups. Fruits, vegetables and water were least promoted.
“These findings could encourage new social media rules to protect young users from unhealthy ads,” Nyasha says, “Nearly four out of every ten social media users are between the ages of 13 to 24. Influencers’ ads may be especially alluring(有吸引力的),” she says, “The influencers may be seen as more relatable than mainstream celebrities. As a result, young users may have fewer doubts about the products they promote”.
This study has changed the way Nyasha sees her own social media. She has unfollowed some people who pushed unhealthy habits. She honestly thinks everyone should do that. Young users should get to construct(建构) their own social-media feeds to make that online space as healthy and positive as possible.
1. Nyasha Nyoni did the new research in order to find out ________.| A．what the most popular ads were among young users on the social media |
| B．how healthy the online foods and drinks promoted by influencers were |
| C．which kind of foods and drinks was the best-seller on mainstream media |
| D．why Internet celebrities promoted foods and drinks on the social media |
| A．influencers should not be paid to promote any kind of products online |
| B．elderly people must stop eating unhealthy food from the social media |
| C．a new law would be made to protect influencers from their followers |
| D．young users should keep away from the unhealthy social-media feeds |
| A．Nyasha was surprised that snacks were mostly promoted by three groups. |
| B．Influencers were eager to promote more diet-related products than others. |
| C．Nyasha has followed the posts of the celebrities for more than four years. |
| D．Mainstream celebrities were likely to be more attractive to the young users. |
| A．To warn influencers not to post unhealthy ads on social media any more. |
| B．To point out the bad effects of following influencers on the social media. |
| C．To encourage young users to buy foods and drinks in mainstream media. |
| D．To show some differences between social media and the mainstream ones. |
Healthy eating doesn’t just mean what you eat, but how you eat.
Eat with others.
Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Without eating during (在……期间) the night, your body needs food to get you going. You will be smarter after eating breakfast.
Eat healthy snacks (零食) like fruit, yogurt or cheese.
Don’t eat dinner late. In our busy life, we always have dinner after eight o’clock in the evening.
| A．It’s not good for our health |
| B．Listen (听) to your body |
| C．Here is some advice (建议) about healthy eating |
| D．It can help you to see others’ healthy eating habits |
| E．We need them sometimes |
Fried (油炸的) food — dangerous food Number One. Try not to eat fried food, because it can add the danger of cancer (癌症).
Sugar — public enemy Number One. Do not eat sugar, or foods including sugar, like sweets, biscuits and cakes.
Brown is better than white. Do not eat white bread and rice. Eat wholemeal (全麦的) bread and brown rice.
Vegetables, any day, any time. Vegetables are good for our health. Eat as many vegetables as you can.
Fruit — but always first. Always eat fruit before a meal, if possible, 15 minutes before eating anything else. The only kind of fruit you should eat after a meal is strawberries. Drinking fresh fruit juice is also good for health.
Breakfast is the king. Have a big breakfast, with fruit juice, milk and wholemeal bread. You can eat as much bread as you like, but only at breakfast, never at lunch or dinner. You can drink coffee, but don’t drink too much.
Goodbye to big dinners. Dinner should be the lightest of the three meals. And try to have it as early as possible, not at nine o’clock at night.
1. We should avoid eating fried food because it can add the danger of cancer.2. Eating white bread and rice is better than eating brown bread and rice.
3. We can eat as many vegetables as possible.
4. The best time to eat fruit is after meals.
5. Dinner is the most important of the three meals.
