2024·全国·模拟预测
解题方法
1 . 已知
是坐标原点,抛物线
的焦点为
,点
在
上,线段
是圆
的一条直径,且
的最小值为
.
(1)求
的方程;
(2)过点
作圆
的两条切线,与
分别交于异于点
的点
,求直线
斜率的最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37ab7408ffcefcb8e5e1ad4a9c58f1b1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/959a288617411ff42118671388eaa66f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a5f1641947153c80b987320885a2b57.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a415ff69527b06c8e1046d1cbb83e6d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/80e0e328d55a0602af0f6f2422d23a7d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8e0129914278d2f2c8aea0643ae7a5bc.png)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)过点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
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2 . 如图,已知四边形
的四个顶点都在抛物线
上,且A,B在第一象限,
轴,抛物线在点A处的切线为l,且
.
的斜率分别为k和
,求
的值;
(2)P为
与
的交点,设
的面积为
,
的面积为
,若
,求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411b38a18046fea8e9fab1f9f9b80a5f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e42102c1c07562853219ca5918803a27.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04a20e3b66f99144a013bba3c2c00a7c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ef7ce5d5cc777ef4d5b890cc9cbb70b0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9ae076e151c24084f1ca2ca502dede95.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a7e08d5c04f0431fb57b33a01717b599.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/35cc2384c66ee5559a9e5ec40dd75669.png)
(2)P为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d40b319212a7e7528b053e1c7097e966.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/661ff55b5ebbadfb600989af3cfce2fd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e097c8d4c948de063796bd19f85b3a9a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/55a675310c8ba418e5a59beb7317e21e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e0bd63f55069a3bc870915010b39225.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2718f4bc0d51cb2a6c91ad7069954550.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/235f0a6fb218d28383e6f27f2df1f50f.png)
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名校
3 . 已知抛物线
,倾斜角为锐角
的直线过其焦点
并与抛物线交于两点
,下列正确的是( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f709c2b3d4b0d76d9debaa49a823726.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
A.抛物线上的点到点![]() ![]() | B.三角形![]() ![]() |
C.抛物线在点![]() ![]() | D.若![]() ![]() |
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解题方法
4 . 从抛物线的焦点发出的光经过抛物线反射后,光线都平行于抛物线的轴,根据光路的可逆性,平行于抛物线的轴射向抛物线后的反射光线都会汇聚到抛物线的焦点处,这一性质被广泛应用在生产生活中.如图,已知抛物线
,从点
发出的平行于y轴的光线照射到抛物线上的D点,经过抛物线两次反射后,反射光线由G点射出,经过点
.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/4/15/90005741-f392-43ed-8285-cc57749395c1.png?resizew=158)
(1)求抛物线C的方程;
(2)已知圆
,在抛物线C上任取一点E,过点E向圆M作两条切线EA和EB,切点分别为A、B,求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/57a44d91ee49191f7b55bafad8f65dbb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c51ce47eaa3ad3a466b993f84ac5ebe7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d82ec141c8e84ac00891f48577052e4.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/4/15/90005741-f392-43ed-8285-cc57749395c1.png?resizew=158)
(1)求抛物线C的方程;
(2)已知圆
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/47e933036a30cf7839de1ddb9c64bf21.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a53aec2ef0bbe7a2d482aa35b9826ec6.png)
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5 . 设点
在抛物线
上,
的焦点为
.
、
为过
的两条倾斜角互补的直线,且
、
与
的另一交点分别为
、
.已知直线
的斜率为
.
(1)求直线
的斜率;
(2)记
、
与
轴的交点分别为
、
.设
和
分别为
和
的面积,当
时,求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01e8f72c51b889287eb272c8fef07504.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b94469fd19f40116e2dec334919d6586.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b94469fd19f40116e2dec334919d6586.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0dc5c9827dfd0be5a9c85962d6ccbfb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/274a9dc37509f01c2606fb3086a46f4f.png)
(1)求直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6aa2b5e09f8ec785c59900a529390a02.png)
(2)记
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e097c8d4c948de063796bd19f85b3a9a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e0bd63f55069a3bc870915010b39225.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a25c28359f8d8da9eaf4672a6cf8ae4f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15c0dbe3c080c4c4636c64803e5c1f76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aa05d5575e2b5e7aeb1c1303064f4eef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/235f0a6fb218d28383e6f27f2df1f50f.png)
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解题方法
6 . 已知点F是抛物线
的焦点,动点P在抛物线上.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/10/15/7e5a3835-f91e-40a8-aad4-47d71b82d280.png?resizew=238)
(1)写出抛物线的焦点坐标和准线方程;
(2)设点
,求
的最小值:
(3)设直线l与抛物线交于D,E两点,若抛物线上存在点P,使得四边形DPEF为平行四边形,证明:直线l过定点,并求出这个定点的坐标.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/745de5ef1fd897d16e37464172d5e8c9.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/10/15/7e5a3835-f91e-40a8-aad4-47d71b82d280.png?resizew=238)
(1)写出抛物线的焦点坐标和准线方程;
(2)设点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46bcccb43d2bb69df350bc72cf8d6243.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5f8769fe40da8b05f4fff38fa041cb60.png)
(3)设直线l与抛物线交于D,E两点,若抛物线上存在点P,使得四边形DPEF为平行四边形,证明:直线l过定点,并求出这个定点的坐标.
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7 . 试求实数k的取值范围,使抛物线
的所有弦都不能被直线
垂直平分.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/344ccbf79da6ad7e3709d6fa72efb756.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd5173dcf15131f9c01a4d62f2fdaea8.png)
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解题方法
8 . 已知抛物线
:
的焦点为
,点
在
上,直线
:
与
相离.若
到直线
的距离为
,且
的最小值为
.过
上两点
分别作
的两条切线,若这两条切线的交点
恰好在直线
上.
(1)求
的方程;
(2)设线段
中点的纵坐标为
,求证:当
取得最小值时,
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/62c2f156b05838deaae6a35acad242af.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/97c6d3c99b7004603ba9ea9c341b8b3f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c02bc0c74292b1e8f395f90935d3174.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/463a4183ac8d19a48c4f43faebbb9125.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aa7116071164cdc45f5d312a437c68bf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
(2)设线段
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ada25f76504c3fd1226da43c94cb4277.png)
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