2024高三·全国·专题练习
1 . 已知椭圆
:
与椭圆
:
的离心率相等,
的焦点恰好为
的顶点,圆
分别经过
,
的一个顶点.
(1)求
,
的标准方程.
(2)过
上任意一点A作
的切线与
交于点M,N,点B是
上与M,N不重合的一点,且
(点O为坐标原点),判断点
是否在定圆上.若是,求出该圆的方程;若不是,请说明理由.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cc1814ba64f4a9fe8d8ca8e048a33dc2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ad31ed8334bac01e734376877302d229.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b955b72ebb9590af33cc1f6b518f13ff.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
(2)过
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de8aa6c05b1ff282aaa5efbe5b47153c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bd154ea8d16e0c0071ee23d752530b9c.png)
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2 . 在平面直角坐标系xOy中,已知椭圆Γ:
的离心率为
,直线l与Γ相切,与圆O:
相交于A,B两点.当l垂直于x轴时,
.
(1)求Γ的方程;
(2)对于给定的点集M,N,若M中的每个点在N中都存在距离最小的点,且所有最小距离的最大值存在,则记此最大值为
.
(ⅰ)若M,N分别为线段AB与圆O上任意一点,P为圆O上一点,当
的面积最大时,求
;
(ⅱ)若
,
均存在,记两者中的较大者为
.已知
,
,
均存在,证明:
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48da128547c4cf9745e8e4b99988a3db.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1174142f3bba761585b6bc2653009b36.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c42aaceb687ffc763bdc5af3463c051a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/631586067d81160678c2ddea983e62de.png)
(1)求Γ的方程;
(2)对于给定的点集M,N,若M中的每个点在N中都存在距离最小的点,且所有最小距离的最大值存在,则记此最大值为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93f513553d63e9c87a70dd6aa57f97b1.png)
(ⅰ)若M,N分别为线段AB与圆O上任意一点,P为圆O上一点,当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2205cffebf8c4d5f81d15ed7b85c8936.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93f513553d63e9c87a70dd6aa57f97b1.png)
(ⅱ)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93f513553d63e9c87a70dd6aa57f97b1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f8207405e0cca2ccbd7643671bee4e40.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8a34aca6d603ad0587bd4e3f1a0b01d8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5ad8c255f18185a9b643c70edf9b00b4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d89815ff222757cbfc9b0ae2bf096a4b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eed107042c263ccf28435954b8a02082.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36e99cb8baa4733c0d58735590ddaf51.png)
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3 . 已知椭圆C:
过点
,直线
与椭圆
交于
两点,且线段
的中点为
为坐标原点,直线
的斜率为
,则下列结论正确的是( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7dd54b9df3402ad91e2d34c40efe0c7a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e3a1baa2dbbdb3bca1776d10b288cd3d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73533688e2820dacba2199ba6087bd4e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7789a500686c7a73770404ead6af0590.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411461db15ee8086332c531e086c40c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/876f208635a511c8dc89da1dad21c868.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/abd13974aebe38eb2a1d744a01ea5aa5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a4b8503f4706b8321e4e79a87eadea84.png)
A.![]() ![]() |
B.![]() ![]() |
C.若![]() ![]() |
D.若![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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4 . 已知椭圆
:
的左焦点为
,
为曲线
:
上的动点,且点
不在
轴上,直线
交
于
,
两点.
(1)证明:曲线
为椭圆,并求其离心率;
(2)证明:
为线段
的中点;
(3)设过点
,
且与
垂直的直线与
的另一个交点分别为
,
,求
面积的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b747db7eaf469c6d1607e4b0d028299f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3292c481782fcaa94f1deb888f1c80a6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b5c2293f93791a597bf0162411f3395f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
(1)证明:曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
(2)证明:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
(3)设过点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a5d7d3b6b63fe5c24c3907b7a8eaa3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1ed4c4e8edbd179f3fc38a6653f18c1.png)
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解题方法
5 . 已知农历每月的第
天
的月相外边缘近似为椭圆的一半,方程为
,其中
为常数.根据以上信息,下列说法中正确的有( )
①农历每月第
天和第
天的月相外边缘形状相同;
②月相外边缘上的点到椭圆焦点的距离的最大值为
;
③月相外边缘的离心率第8天时取最大值;
④农历初六至初八的月相外边缘离心率在区间
内.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b0a75c002da59c2ec5ef683ba618d973.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/389f15b86688d1219227eed9d027e9a9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/803c45a61d25e49e0db689f959cfb93f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
①农历每月第
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/382a1fe8e196c49fbdbb53eb64b92ee2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/630bf67097819c2352dd37317123a8de.png)
②月相外边缘上的点到椭圆焦点的距离的最大值为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e86b1cfe63800f6fc02f999e64dd24b2.png)
③月相外边缘的离心率第8天时取最大值;
④农历初六至初八的月相外边缘离心率在区间
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/091b43a8abc57a695a37c2884845c6d6.png)
A.①③ | B.②④ | C.①② | D.③④ |
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6 . 已知椭圆
,双曲线
(
,
),椭圆
与双曲线
有共同的焦点,离心率分别为
,
,椭圆
与双曲线
在第一象限的交点为
且
,则( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ff8210484dd6815b5bebc7b22f1389cd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/32ab2caccd742eb636bd8378661a8807.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b967232e28ad0d453adc66676bdf8b2b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/98f1ea30341eb5d584710c3aebc64ce8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d33558881906c228c262ff8024dcfc4a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a33a99190a8fd29c36d5a002e3197cc5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7285470bf401f5edaac641234ee6ff6a.png)
A.若![]() ![]() |
B.![]() ![]() |
C.![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
D.![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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5卷引用:专题4 求圆锥曲线的离心率(高三压轴小题大全)【练】
名校
解题方法
7 . 已知
分别是椭圆
的左、右顶点,过点
、斜率为
的直线
交椭圆
于
两个不同的点.
(1)求椭圆
的焦距和离心率;
(2)若点
落在以线段
为直径的圆的外部,求
的取值范围;
(3)若
,设直线
分别交
轴于点
,求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e52586ca2a3b783bc8092415e2d4bf6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/82b6b9e2970a57ad12a76d9a4c0b04c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8bab45799f9f8d0374f529e8b30a0b27.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0a532e15e232cb4b99a8d4d07c89575.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b94469fd19f40116e2dec334919d6586.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e6670479a0083dd2dfd5ad55b47b1ab6.png)
(1)求椭圆
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b94469fd19f40116e2dec334919d6586.png)
(2)若点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/411461db15ee8086332c531e086c40c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0a532e15e232cb4b99a8d4d07c89575.png)
(3)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f0d68648b10fce54dfc19c5ee60086d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6b14fa212bbddd28310d463fcdef7e62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a8de18f5d726dbe53dee012b5013c834.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/febf7413b35cf2889fdb57a6b519087c.png)
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8 . 已知A,B是椭圆
的左右顶点,
是双曲线
在第一象限上的一点,直线
分别交椭圆于另外的点
.若直线MN过椭圆右焦点F,且
,则椭圆的离心率为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48da128547c4cf9745e8e4b99988a3db.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f3fa0b40fb0d9b8c62e37316ab3b04.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/790ef3382b1c731f2885eecfd92c2a86.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ad57e3727b7bbd795b05332fbf9649e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e7489045105c8881adfa39bb05bf7d98.png)
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4卷引用:专题4 求圆锥曲线的离心率(高三压轴小题大全)【练】
(已下线)专题4 求圆锥曲线的离心率(高三压轴小题大全)【练】辽宁省沈阳市东北育才学校2023-2024学年高二上学期第二次月考数学试题广东省广州市铁一中学2024届高三上学期第二次调研数学试题河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试数学试题
9 . 已知椭圆
(
)的离心率为
,其上焦点
与抛物线
的焦点重合.
(1)求椭圆
的方程;
(2)若过点
的直线交椭圆
于点
,同时交抛物线
于点
(如图1所示,点
在椭圆与抛物线第一象限交点上方),试比较线段
与
长度的大小,并说明理由;
(3)若过点
的直线交椭圆
于点
,过点
与直线
垂直的直线
交抛物线
于点
(如图2所示),试求四边形
面积的最小值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b9a0e7a68e0ce319f3df1f2ce30e3e76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a0c4c098615c6bc7e6dcf72e5b5201a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d5989c84e320b504511f23eeb6e7357.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/61be090d2f56224b572047d9b36dc3d9.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/1/3/fc5512f2-94a2-4cf1-9c59-002a4447ab73.png?resizew=289)
(1)求椭圆
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4bcd8ee2d8367c167d6ae0abc741b6b8.png)
(2)若过点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4bcd8ee2d8367c167d6ae0abc741b6b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf3834d7ec7531f3c3c0ce9b286f7a49.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/39acab3cfb59bfc9591371721ab01d93.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60ef95894ceebaf236170e8832dcf7e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d40b319212a7e7528b053e1c7097e966.png)
(3)若过点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4bcd8ee2d8367c167d6ae0abc741b6b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/31e55e398e8520d8a36fb5a625a085b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf3834d7ec7531f3c3c0ce9b286f7a49.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/52041559f8fee18bfa3e2e2ac07c3bfa.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87391c2b154b302f4bf939035f59b99c.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
10 . 已知椭圆
的右焦点为
在椭圆
上但不在坐标轴上,若
,且
,则椭圆
的离心率的值可以是( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ad523e69a1bf925e73a22900b9855df2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/af8f81f4925f65282f195dd403516c3f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7020172b70e21a18fffcd011dfd0be99.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dc4876efa91f38d11ce12fed2e1fbf2e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
您最近一年使用:0次