真题
解题方法
1 . 已知双曲线
左右顶点分别为
,过点
的直线
交双曲线
于
两点.
(1)若离心率
时,求
的值.
(2)若
为等腰三角形时,且点
在第一象限,求点
的坐标.
(3)连接
并延长,交双曲线
于点
,若
,求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/07a3c16c6fb4a254b44936b2caf107a2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/00442d96d695db2c58bf1fb7165fca94.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8547f2b4e89b0ae1445bda02d46f0668.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b94469fd19f40116e2dec334919d6586.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f6bce3d91ca23b86d8c6625f2632e437.png)
(1)若离心率
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e0276541c12707b24d2f06ea3d976cf7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/31f02a5f7c7bed4e46a9ea36b510590a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
(3)连接
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9f0009063fe00277645aff1be6e32471.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b94469fd19f40116e2dec334919d6586.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1d353f7781e779b5c72e56388934e345.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
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2 . 设A,B是双曲线H:
上的两点.直线l与双曲线H的交点为P,Q两点.
(1)若双曲线H的离心率是
,且点
在双曲线H上,求双曲线H的方程;
(2)设A、B分别是双曲线H:
的左、右顶点,直线l平行于y轴.求直线AP与BQ斜率的乘积,并求直线AP与BQ的交点M的轨迹方程;
(3)设双曲线H:
,其中
,
,点M是抛物线C:
上不同于点A、B的动点,且直线MA与双曲线H相交于另一点P,直线MB与双曲线H相交于另一点Q,问:直线PQ是否恒过某一定点?若是,求该定点的坐标;若不是,请说明理由.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3040b6c904477030ecf8ba20b2b18759.png)
(1)若双曲线H的离心率是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a7ffe8515ff6183c1c7775dc6f94bdb8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1bc709512ea41db03985e5546d0bd86c.png)
(2)设A、B分别是双曲线H:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3040b6c904477030ecf8ba20b2b18759.png)
(3)设双曲线H:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4e1fa37c4c826b5dcfebe86ab6177906.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6c9e49809ed819892738b698c73e7ea.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1f81f26377b516bb1184288681cd4dcb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/10f4123c19136d3a4dc040dce8e34e14.png)
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解题方法
3 . 彗星是太阳系大家庭里特殊的一族成员,它们以其明亮的尾巴和美丽的外观而闻名,它的运行轨道和行星轨道很不相同,一般为极扁的椭圆形、双曲线或抛物线.它们可以接近太阳,但在靠近太阳时,由于木星、土星等行星引力的微绕造成了轨道参数的偏差,使得它轨道的离心率由小于1变为大于或等于1,这使得少数彗星会出现“逃逸"现象,终生只能接近太阳一次,永不复返.通过演示,现有一颗彗星已经“逃逸”为以太阳为其中一个焦点离心率为
的运行轨道,且慧星距离太阳的最近距离为
.
(1)求彗星“逃逸”轨道的标准方程;
(2)设双曲线的两个顶点分别为
,
,过
,
作双曲线的切线
,
,若点P为双曲线上的动点,过P作双曲线的切线,交实轴于点Q,记直线
与
交于点M,直线
交
于点N.求证:M,N,Q三点共线.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2967337e3fcb228dded64ab0c41a17e0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/321964cbe59db462966bc17f5cf4be8a.png)
(1)求彗星“逃逸”轨道的标准方程;
(2)设双曲线的两个顶点分别为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a18722354086c42e62334983fc50eb6a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cd3b9e816b14051f785aa5aae72b8eed.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a18722354086c42e62334983fc50eb6a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cd3b9e816b14051f785aa5aae72b8eed.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/800c5e266b4ad8462a46970f0a232d52.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f46b053f98b1d05a2043e94eeaefea87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
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解题方法
4 . 设点
的坐标分别是
,
是平面内的动点,直线
的斜率之积为
,动点
的轨迹
与曲线
相交于4个点,以这四个交点为顶点的矩形的面积等于
,则轨迹
的离心率等于( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9b247c7428cd4ab78dff8a9dabe30279.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/03df57efff473b3cfeb8503796b7d6b6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7aae50dabc007950125590fe3fb1c98d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46200dd21a996ee2b0766fe2fac9efb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
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名校
5 . 在平面直角坐标系中,若以原点为中心的双曲线经过旋转变换后为函数
的图象,函数
的定义域为
且
,若
在定义域内存在反函数,则双曲线离心率的取值范围为__________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4669810732b633b60dbeaf0bf57204f6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d562dc22dfb3b81d0c3f88b54d063c2f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6a736cb83ebf8e5dd5607e711c4a9240.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4669810732b633b60dbeaf0bf57204f6.png)
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名校
解题方法
6 . 已知在平面直角坐标系
中,双曲线
的右焦点为
,点
为双曲线右支上一点,直线
交双曲线于另一点
,且
,直线
经过椭圆
的下顶点,记
的离心率为
的离心率为
,则( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/636c6ed51357a127b7f6299aabe0d083.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/683c590673eece14fea3319c4fd5eb55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/895dc3dc3a6606ff487a4c4863e18509.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e1c39c304dac39a1f9aa09f5386f9c2e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e0e57a13c665af88f326c9890072bf73.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0d95e1512cc5d279b9224c7a6ab78c96.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/522230546d4b802094e86ceb48c2ba38.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1d387d0270a50a9451a925b45c1d9404.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a33a99190a8fd29c36d5a002e3197cc5.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() |
C.![]() | D.![]() |
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解题方法
7 . 双曲线
的左,右顶点分别为
,右焦点
到渐近线的距离为
为双曲线
在第一象限上的点,则下列结论正确的有( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83bf4fd84818abac17a9d21237ac5ce5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4334568ab6d5d54fb95da96f87da0b51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
A.双曲线![]() ![]() |
B.双曲线![]() ![]() |
C.设直线![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
D.若直线![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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解题方法
8 . 阅读下列两则材料:
材料1.圆锥曲线的轴与顶点的定义:对平面内一圆锥曲线
,若存在直线
,使得对于曲线
上任意一点
,要么点
在直线
上,要么曲线
上存在与点
相异的一点
,使得点
与点
关于直线
对称,则称曲线
关于直线
对称,直线
称为曲线
的轴,曲线
与其轴的交点称为曲线
的顶点.
材料2.某课外学习兴趣小组通过对反比例函数
的图象的研究发现:反比例函数
的图象是双曲线,其两条渐近线为
轴和
轴,两条渐近线的夹角为
.
①若将双曲线绕其中心适当旋转可使其渐近线变为直线
,由此可求得其离心率为
.
②若
,则将
与
联立可求得双曲线的顶点坐标为
,
.
完成下列填空:
已知函数
的图象是双曲线
,直线
和
轴是双曲线
的两条渐近线,则双曲线
的位于第一象限的焦点的坐标为______ .
材料1.圆锥曲线的轴与顶点的定义:对平面内一圆锥曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
材料2.某课外学习兴趣小组通过对反比例函数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/45bd7e92dae1e0c2af6c33d5e202f544.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/45bd7e92dae1e0c2af6c33d5e202f544.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d49f8a63ddbca52039fa9ab44cda6b29.png)
①若将双曲线绕其中心适当旋转可使其渐近线变为直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6d3051f43ac48c0a730a791b8a93ad37.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf298f00799cbf34b4db26f5f63af92f.png)
②若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f0d68648b10fce54dfc19c5ee60086d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/07854693dd2e33f66030d6106eb6e0ee.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d77f5191798242b7b9b88a75e17e4425.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fc06b361817843bd8ab0572e84041005.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fe47c26f577e02beb4c1a2fedafafc4e.png)
完成下列填空:
已知函数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d128690f1097f6c1f79fbbd3933d9387.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21d532ce76942846df88c6f66112e50f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
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解题方法
9 . 已知
是等轴双曲线C的方程,P为C上任意一点,
,则( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/377a2333ff8c63cbdb20b882d6d5a7ec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/036818ece5123ca4f8f758ab840e429a.png)
A.C的离心率为![]() |
B.C的焦距为2 |
C.平面上存在两个定点A,B,使得![]() |
D.![]() ![]() |
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2024-04-16更新
|
722次组卷
|
2卷引用:辽宁省名校联盟2024年高考模拟卷(信息卷)数学(五)
2024·全国·模拟预测
解题方法
10 . 已知
轴上的点
是椭圆
的长轴顶点,
也在双曲线
上,设过坐标原点且斜率互为相反数的两条直线与椭圆
的四个交点构成的四边形面积为
,双曲线
的两条渐近线与椭圆
的四个交点构成的四边形面积为
,若
恒成立,椭圆
和双曲线
的离心率分别为
,
,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6928a6fd3828ff5c462f79428d86e6b6.png)
______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/01c74a907dda6bb7d9d56d009d9df253.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e097c8d4c948de063796bd19f85b3a9a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e0bd63f55069a3bc870915010b39225.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/938fd4a3f814db60717cdba9582d0485.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
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