解题方法
1 . 设
,
.如果存在
使得
,那么就说
可被
整除(或
整除
),记做
且称
是
的倍数,
是
的约数(也可称为除数、因数).
不能被
整除就记做
.由整除的定义,不难得出整除的下面几条性质:①若
,
,则
;②
,
互质,若
,
,则
;③若
,则
,其中
.
(1)若数列
满足,
,其前
项和为
,证明:
;
(2)若
为奇数,求证:
能被
整除;
(3)对于整数
与
,
,求证:
可整除
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b72ea8ec0d9f8b1cfc4de834b8bfb608.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/20849c00c47cbdc43f18d53341b6c4e5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87803b7cee18366b89d51799250df510.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6705dba65746e1d4cac6a268b3c806ce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/020e12ff4f028aba3a205a95e650d72b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79bda3d07c2fef4d6af4a13ade4c743e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/020e12ff4f028aba3a205a95e650d72b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e4d6df2a57b7e5be32c05c10257ea6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/91638bacbf4d15736d26713ba90e0fc4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/91638bacbf4d15736d26713ba90e0fc4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e4d6df2a57b7e5be32c05c10257ea6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0601879ae4ca9592246d135bfa48658c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/383eb235f8e0ceda13367b16d29e0180.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/503618b9bfb53a06f0ec6a5e427dcdbd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0da20edf2714109dcfded7e212ec44a.png)
(1)若数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76aef4cdcb5af742ce28003b7b6c8c20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e12059d1dac926a235ccd40c3b61b1b6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ed9dbd8ed61db4f1c14f6b0e5f071200.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e1e4de97f8490fddcff16afe8583266.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/20d6fc9b90f370fbb27552876b650f8f.png)
(3)对于整数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0a532e15e232cb4b99a8d4d07c89575.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5b96cdd9e003120b6102d927dbf53e39.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5009ce2d56180d31204f77c871fb375c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c4b326965628b5d967aafe9e696fdc07.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
解题方法
2 . 微分中值定理是微积分学中的重要定理,它是研究区间上函数值变化规律的有效工具,其中拉格朗日中值定理是核心,它的内容如下:
如果函数
在闭区间
上连续,在开区间
可导,导数为
,那么在开区间
内至少存在一点
,使得
,其中
叫做
在
上的“拉格朗日中值点”.已知函数
.
(1)若
,求函数
在
上的“拉格朗日中值点”
;
(2)若
,求证:函数
在区间
图象上任意两点
,
连线的斜率不大于
;
(3)若
,且
,求证:
.
如果函数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4fe7d5809da02c15a43a0e9a898b9086.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f030c36bb8786df88d401792062a4100.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/30277e0be448b4955903e81e8795e45d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6a4b04824a308519a61318a82aa97a05.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/30277e0be448b4955903e81e8795e45d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/071a7e733d466949ac935b4b8ee8d183.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8f3fcc5073759c73c7a63c8818eca5c1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/071a7e733d466949ac935b4b8ee8d183.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4fe7d5809da02c15a43a0e9a898b9086.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f030c36bb8786df88d401792062a4100.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d11582cafaca7560189cf57e70f6a46d.png)
(1)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/58423a31ef72d8d161b775090c9ed2c4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4fe7d5809da02c15a43a0e9a898b9086.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2bcc88c47bbbace2c56adced4f781b6c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79b752f0f189e5d8666daea73e145dff.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d0d09c61ed9d7289d948d2ab559657f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4fe7d5809da02c15a43a0e9a898b9086.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/870ebc2f7aabb028024894568d749934.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/25a9a2cda21bc7d84330702878e61c63.png)
(3)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a1dffe15ea2b4735ad2a274144301328.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e1310a7a80d1f8751a3f8cafe7f8c8b4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/098345d96f648ba45ad923a79e815496.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
3 . 我国元代数学家朱世杰在他的《四元玉鉴》一书中对高阶等差数列求和有精深的研究,即“垛积术”.对于数列
,①,从第二项起,每一项与它前面相邻一项的差构成数列
,②,称该数列②为数列①的一阶差分数列,其中
;对于数列②,从第二项起,每一项与它前面相邻一项的差构成数列
,③,称该数列③为数列①的二阶差分数列,其中
按照上述办法,第
次得到数列
,④,则称数列④为数列①的
阶差分数列,其中
,若数列
的
阶差分数列是非零常数列,则称数列
为
阶等差数列(或高阶等差数列).
(1)若高阶等差数列
为
,求数列
的通项公式;
(2)若
阶等差数列
的通项公式
.
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2506385d68e133523a24a5f5770adb4d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f230a901381bb98bd400c14317e0da8a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/780007875adc41be137fd9ff68c255b6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b21e02ca8a3d50e257ddc00ca87a0406.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e1f74af47ea73ea7fa4e19a51166244.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b397162165301246a7616800610ea6d2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/648eaff4ff716932fdbab7ee616b914d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/26e024470c4aa889689aefdf14fafddb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
(1)若高阶等差数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6a628a7921f38cb09c818b3135aea1a0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/034ba25825c13725931c483aa47c9363.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/84f8542101a1cbbf29cfc7a7358a552c.png)
(ⅰ)求的值;
(ⅱ)求数列的前
项和
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c698639cdba709641d3c91ea1798abfa.png)
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4 . 若集合
的非空子集
满足:对任意给定的
,若
,有
,则称子集
是
的“好子集”.记
为
的好子集的个数.例如:
的7个非空子集中只有
不是好子集,即
.记
表示集合
的元素个数.
(1)求
的值;
(2)若
是
的好子集,且
.证明:
中元素可以排成一个等差数列;
(3)求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24f5c44de003475d3466981293cf5e47.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/887982e3735dd7ca13293338a12df593.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c469f6345826410959ea09d7e3192e20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0586ec8d1d9796fb80a1250e2c0a4b0b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/38fcec7af3520884b173b29bda6c657a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b26bbb11e932ddb26a9088e7fc33e87b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/27c562f247c1d691158f4038a030574c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/68eafd45c1ec4b414d3553dabd8c2848.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37765d2927d24d4b582423c843aebcd4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b32a859898e9905e0524d3a982eb34b6.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ada01c2a8b4d92df94834a6a3929673.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
(3)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79df6a6d73a058d13632a726c2308d66.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
解题方法
5 . 拉格朗日中值定理是微分学的基本定理之一,其内容为:如果函数
在闭区间
上的图象连续不断,在开区间
内的导数为
,那么在区间
内存在点
,使得
成立.设
,其中
为自然对数的底数,
.易知,
在实数集
上有唯一零点
,且
.
时,
;
(2)从图形上看,函数
的零点就是函数
的图象与
轴交点的横坐标.直接求解
的零点
是困难的,运用牛顿法,我们可以得到
零点的近似解:先用二分法,可在
中选定一个
作为
的初始近似值,使得
,然后在点
处作曲线
的切线,切线与
轴的交点的横坐标为
,称
是
的一次近似值;在点
处作曲线
的切线,切线与
轴的交点的横坐标为
,称
是
的二次近似值;重复以上过程,得
的近似值序列
.
①当
时,证明:
;
②根据①的结论,运用数学归纳法可以证得:
为递减数列,且
.请以此为前提条件,证明:
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d275fbb3ee5cd1177ca5a2ceecbbef0f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8ca6d68f1de3e70696f1d5d60affe6ef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/63313f7ac7402fcb5a9a840db64c6f08.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/090a91e4f3c8930674f98a9fa527709b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/63313f7ac7402fcb5a9a840db64c6f08.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/071a7e733d466949ac935b4b8ee8d183.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d59685311c7aa9ca98b1fdbabde40171.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15432e3c4e6c1d9cde98ec9187d162c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6dcd143a57a268a5a8ef486e2a4d5c0a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/00108fe668a98c905f3f92b720e35a0b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d275fbb3ee5cd1177ca5a2ceecbbef0f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf3ed15aa3dcc4211fb520b5b942c989.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c8e356055d318b6d336e9e33a1e78aad.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/70142f9c28dc50c8ab41e71b19d18fb9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a8488679e2fa13e44ffa5b4d802848d.png)
(2)从图形上看,函数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15432e3c4e6c1d9cde98ec9187d162c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d275fbb3ee5cd1177ca5a2ceecbbef0f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/15432e3c4e6c1d9cde98ec9187d162c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d275fbb3ee5cd1177ca5a2ceecbbef0f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de261e9b4defbc0be6440397031a87b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79b752f0f189e5d8666daea73e145dff.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/168e68d052280fe48e1a3a6de67c6f2d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8559f5db9b978cb2bd290dbce7268629.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0afb80007983e5b99dcdeebf87d18ff4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c814128ea2139e33db94ea590e7c2223.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c814128ea2139e33db94ea590e7c2223.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a24a2c53e3b0b1c08803e95419f909d3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0afb80007983e5b99dcdeebf87d18ff4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aec19b68e3add9d5bfcc6269a1855b87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aec19b68e3add9d5bfcc6269a1855b87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/11bc05f41215f9894e11d1df0465751a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87529d4cadc1e84f72d462cb8e3afac0.png)
①当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7c1a778faac194e8de4d5178454bd04c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6f274881a6ad83e68c9b6652ebf4dc09.png)
②根据①的结论,运用数学归纳法可以证得:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c1fd18a909cecbaee7115d6b15631d83.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2adb4f1a98a9db3b5d4e4cfc7560fdb1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fee28be9d207a3d3eed938484f980195.png)
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名校
6 . 阅读材料一:“装错信封问题”是由数学家约翰·伯努利(Johann Bernoulli,1667~1748)的儿子丹尼尔·伯努利提出来的,大意如下:一个人写了
封不同的信及相应的
个不同的信封,他把这
封信都装错了信封,问都装错信封的这一情况有多少种?后来瑞士数学家欧拉(Leonhard Euler,1707~1783)给出了解答:记都装错
封信的情况为
种,可以用全排列
减去有装正确的情况种数,结合容斥原理可得公式:
,其中
.
阅读材料二:英国数学家泰勒发现的泰勒公式有如下特殊形式:当
在
处
阶可导,则有:
,注
表示
的
阶导数,该公式也称麦克劳林公式.阅读以上材料后请完成以下问题:
(1)求出
的值;
(2)估算
的大小(保留小数点后2位),并给出用
和
表示
的估计公式;
(3)求证:
,其中
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/66d4e8502106802f1485c3b0f28f2664.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a8412f5256b2b370e421c07f18cc732.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e4403d632f9a81e52c6cd135c6834bc2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a37a59558292ad6b3d0978bfd7484990.png)
阅读材料二:英国数学家泰勒发现的泰勒公式有如下特殊形式:当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bb45f673c56a289ea78831c9237e8d20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6ce152ca98ac7e21237e00667f005b62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/35993bd1db970330494665d925c0be7a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
(1)求出
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/395c6efaa63dcd4ee513323d51c6a7eb.png)
(2)估算
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2598975ac1edb754817eada15b9a473e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/041a7c8fc017f596542c5e6ec7d1c40b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/66d4e8502106802f1485c3b0f28f2664.png)
(3)求证:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ca08ded0d1136421f0a81517f5c2fc9d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a37a59558292ad6b3d0978bfd7484990.png)
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解题方法
7 . 投壶是古代士大夫宴饮时做的一种投掷游戏.《礼记・投壶》说:“投壶者,主人与客燕饮,讲论才艺之礼也.”春秋战国时期,诸侯宴请宾客时的礼仪之一就是请客人射箭,后来慢慢用投壶代替了射箭,成为一种大众游戏.甲、乙两人做投壶游戏,比赛规则:第1次用抛一枚质地均匀的硬币确定甲、乙谁先投箭,投入壶内继续,未投入壶内换另一人,依次类推.假设甲、乙两人投壶互不影响,甲把箭投入壶内的概率为
,乙把箭投入壶内的概率为
.
(1)求第2次是乙投的概率;
(2)求两次投完后,甲投中的箭数的分布列和数学期望.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eac97e6740365c85ad857aff85cefbe5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7294f5ae2a24ff42e84cd9773b2a7287.png)
(1)求第2次是乙投的概率;
(2)求两次投完后,甲投中的箭数的分布列和数学期望.
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8 . 在数学中,把只能被自己和1整除的大于1自然数叫做素数(质数).历史上研究素数在自然数中分布规律的公式有“费马数”
;还有“欧拉质数多项式”:
.但经后人研究,这两个公式也有局限性.现有一项利用素数的数据加密技术—DZB数据加密协议:将一个既约分数的分子分母分别乘以同一个素数,比如分数
的分子分母分别乘以同一个素数19,就会得到加密数据
.这个过程叫加密,逆过程叫解密.
(1)数列
中
经DZB数据加密协议加密后依次变为
.求经解密还原的数据
的数值;
(2)依据
的数值写出数列
的通项公式(不用严格证明但要检验符合).并求数列
前
项的和
;
(3)为研究“欧拉质数多项式”的性质,构造函数
是方程
的两个根
是
的导数.设
.证明:对任意的正整数
,都有
.(本小题数列
不同于第(1)(2)小题)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/66fa614dd0a4ef38831d742ed3e2c883.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/29e8e0703bc265e4b6659d5076564fcd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bf31876698721a199c7c53c6b320aa86.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b09c918f20cda7e931d16ba79baf0020.png)
(1)数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/97c14d9ae06f864498048d55088ff4e6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/72c12274ae6ca7bc2d0ad2ced6a0337d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/97c14d9ae06f864498048d55088ff4e6.png)
(2)依据
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/97c14d9ae06f864498048d55088ff4e6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
(3)为研究“欧拉质数多项式”的性质,构造函数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d26cf2a1b49eb3f90d64d7fc526bf4c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/86b92b70365c63607daecdc8deb73ecf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24a6ce810257873cb94a56a93b39537d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b00e0b2cfc9260694affc6b33f59eb89.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6148cff72e9eabbf9912e158b52f0129.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
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2024-05-28更新
|
532次组卷
|
2卷引用:安徽省皖北五校联盟2024届高三第二次联考数学试卷
9 . 复平面是人类漫漫数学历史中的一副佳作,他以虚无缥缈的数字展示了人类数学最纯粹的浪漫.欧拉公式可以说是这座数学王座上最璀璨的明珠,相关的内容是,欧拉公式:
,其中
表示虚数单位,
是自然对数的底数.数学家泰勒对此也提出了相关公式:
其中的感叹号!表示阶乘
,试回答下列问题:
(1)试证明欧拉公式.
(2)利用欧拉公式,求出以下方程的所有复数解.
①
;②
;
(3)求出角度
的
倍角公式(用
表示,
).
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d5aa584db159b0f9bfae801d0134393b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3a7035cd4adda5d72a9fc9f9fda75995.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/041a7c8fc017f596542c5e6ec7d1c40b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/574f94ac7dfd3477b58799e0251bb6a9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a260aee25664815506d2720174b03829.png)
(1)试证明欧拉公式.
(2)利用欧拉公式,求出以下方程的所有复数解.
①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5bde2a8df1f0418c41a6e077c7f5de21.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1150e58bbcb15a349fb5b9b5ef708d41.png)
(3)求出角度
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6f9d7bbcbeb05fbbb06463120f9a6811.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aefd06c239145a2b6ae87a955aa51414.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b8cd112c1cb203187e3c9554617c45b8.png)
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2024高三下·全国·专题练习
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解题方法
10 . “九子游戏”是一种传统的儿童游戏,它包括打弹子、滚圈子、踢毽子、顶核子、造房子、拉扯铃子、刮片子、掼结子、抽陀子九种不同的游戏项目,某小学为丰富同学们的课外活动,举办了“九子游戏”比赛,所有的比赛项目均采用
局
胜的单败淘汰制,即先赢下
局比赛者获胜.造房子游戏是同学们喜爱的项目之一,经过多轮淘汰后,甲、乙二人进入造房子游戏的决赛,已知每局比赛甲获胜的概率为
,乙获胜的概率为
.
(1)若
,
,设比赛结束时比赛的局数为
,求
的分布列与数学期望;
(2)设采用3局2胜制时乙获胜的概率为
,采用5局3胜制时乙获胜的概率为
,若
,求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f117ecbfe2d1bee12454f000b54953f9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f260c8bc16d2564b65309a57a860053.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ae7fb954b47cb67fdde891c3b9d8295.png)
(1)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cc2d3df37e73a8abea815f37dbb3fff5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e74b0aa7a6f6dcab7d9101b98504ae2a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
(2)设采用3局2胜制时乙获胜的概率为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9b9cb8e6ff801523b0304576cd69fd2d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/797e67927616b141ed7c6b83f8b6f4fb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/302db91f8ed0504e838228c57fecd505.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
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1928次组卷
|
5卷引用:2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学理科押题卷(四)
(已下线)2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学理科押题卷(四)河北省部分高中2024届高三下学期二模考试数学试题(已下线)2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学押题卷(一)(已下线)情境3 落实五育并举甘肃省民乐县第一中学2023-2024学年高三下学期5月第一次模拟考试数学试卷