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1 . 在概率统计中,常常用频率估计概率.已知袋中有若干个红球和白球,有放回地随机摸球
次,红球出现
次.假设每次摸出红球的概率为
,根据频率估计概率的思想,则每次摸出红球的概率
的估计值为
.
(1)若袋中这两种颜色球的个数之比为
,不知道哪种颜色的球多.有放回地随机摸取3个球,设摸出的球为红球的次数为
,则
.
(注:
表示当每次摸出红球的概率为
时,摸出红球次数为
的概率)
(ⅰ)完成下表,并写出计算过程;
(ⅱ)在统计理论中,把使得
的取值达到最大时的
,作为
的估计值,记为
,请写出
的值.
(2)把(1)中“使得
的取值达到最大时的
作为
的估计值
”的思想称为最大似然原理.基于最大似然原理的最大似然参数估计方法称为最大似然估计.具体步骤:先对参数
构建对数似然函数
,再对其关于参数
求导,得到似然方程
,最后求解参数
的估计值.已知
的参数
的对数似然函数为
,其中
.求参数
的估计值,并且说明频率估计概率的合理性.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/613f6de938db4bb3a7f98226d3a4c793.png)
(1)若袋中这两种颜色球的个数之比为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fc5881f1ce9b4172ca346032d0fd1e3d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a829fdd8ec0f3b7ede883cf2c3e53b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fadbd1d2d0294d04834dde31e0e4caaf.png)
(注:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c74de541a96a252ca6b4bf05381a03ec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0a532e15e232cb4b99a8d4d07c89575.png)
(ⅰ)完成下表,并写出计算过程;
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c74de541a96a252ca6b4bf05381a03ec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0cf2e58249dd993ae42a7bd6d9ba0005.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0cf2e58249dd993ae42a7bd6d9ba0005.png)
(2)把(1)中“使得
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c74de541a96a252ca6b4bf05381a03ec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0cf2e58249dd993ae42a7bd6d9ba0005.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0807dbbfdeeaeffd987c4de037b892f5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acb13cf58c2aa7591391cfa8d515dc64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b1aecbef5ad07da9949972dbcb9d659.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c21d19789d426d0ed871d45ac6175f66.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/889b80977780bb8caec3c90954b91a21.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
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吉林省长春市实验中学2024届高三下学期对位演练考试数学试卷(一)浙江省杭州市2024届高三下学期4月教学质量检测数学试题(已下线)压轴题08计数原理、二项式定理、概率统计压轴题6题型汇总重庆市七校联盟2024届高三下学期三诊考试数学试题山东省青岛第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次模块考试数学试题贵州省贵阳市第一中学等校2024届高三下学期三模数学试题(已下线)专题02 高二下期末真题精选(压轴题 )-高二期末考点大串讲(人教A版2019)
名校
2 . 已知函数![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f28e4867492d6035296db5e28c6ed599.png)
(1)当
时,求
的零点;
(2)若
恰有两个极值点,求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f28e4867492d6035296db5e28c6ed599.png)
(1)当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b550ee821ee1838384835e81fc34b67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
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解题方法
3 . 已知函数
.
(1)若
,求
的极值;
(2)若
,求
的最大值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ccb0501cffbdfd96e56b8a2de2e59c4c.png)
(1)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48adb8a59b5c02fad5eada1b35171cf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e9c599e8d420006448905acec2b8234.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/18f0281e6bbdbe08beeccb55adf84536.png)
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解题方法
4 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,已知曲线
的一条切线
与
轴、
轴分别交于
,
两点,则
的面积的最大值为___________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/99d4fc2fe77286738f34d233cddc573b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3fe95f656b98b53f71a9d72bf0c9a4b9.png)
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5 . 在信息理论中,
和
是两个取值相同的离散型随机变量,分布列分别为:
,
,
,
,
,
.定义随机变量
的信息量
,
和
的“距离”
.
(1)若
,求
;
(2)已知发报台发出信号为0和1,接收台收到信号只有0和1.现发报台发出信号为0的概率为
,由于通信信号受到干扰,发出信号0接收台收到信号为0的概率为
,发出信号1接收台收到信号为1的概率为
.
(ⅰ)若接收台收到信号为0,求发报台发出信号为0的概率;(用
,
表示结果)
(ⅱ)记随机变量
和
分别为发出信号和收到信号,证明:
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a829fdd8ec0f3b7ede883cf2c3e53b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b08fcbcf19c6ca72cd66c201ef43f9ce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f4380cd57f824c5d9df1ca493cbd8cf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cfe82ce73937d36166659f21492c825e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d1a870945a04cd86f2e0026fc53a2b36.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/12b0e3b00fe47801afb53ec56706c21a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/27b4e8e7a49dbe86419e00672d1927c4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd67429e1b0f56bc66a547fc9c6eed2b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a829fdd8ec0f3b7ede883cf2c3e53b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5633fa4fa8837dff506561b7943715fb.png)
(1)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/17d0c830d39efe08dad4f2104325b8c8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/59a8bb9552579e3cd3c7d693ce37b445.png)
(2)已知发报台发出信号为0和1,接收台收到信号只有0和1.现发报台发出信号为0的概率为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/29c8578f06897aa6fb84aa95c797d3d8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9aa8a716a31b0f51b70fdf9bdb257909.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/47d9b426bcc34a2cca2184dc1310f5e4.png)
(ⅰ)若接收台收到信号为0,求发报台发出信号为0的概率;(用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9aa8a716a31b0f51b70fdf9bdb257909.png)
(ⅱ)记随机变量
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a829fdd8ec0f3b7ede883cf2c3e53b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3719852c05eef71dd595791e3dc10de7.png)
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解题方法
6 . 已知
,
,
,则( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/beff0aabd2bb1fe031b658c55258ece8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db30ad779d5ff572a140cd6e3b0d3c05.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6d75280bf1f91ea4d4d806d604d36977.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() | C.![]() | D.![]() |
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7 . 已知函数
(其中
),
.
(1)当
时,求函数
的图象在点
处的切线方程;
(2)当
时,若
恒成立,求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce470994a9e4e013d895240a8923bdda.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/22dd8b3dc4c609bab82d356a5cc2208d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2cdad8acb5f4d31bfee990bf844b1a37.png)
(1)当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3b4d795709b0abcf47bceec2250f2f9b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9c9f8845aa2b51c460f2d798c9f62fa3.png)
(2)当
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08115d6d9f876dea921a4d32260ff1fb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/447d6f62c09c1d05346fd16a24159f6e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
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解题方法
8 . 函数
的最大值为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b262cf0155dc2d27d023a6b00b855c64.png)
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9 . 函数
与
之间的关系非常密切,号称函数中的双子座,以下说法正确的是( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db0c0fb7d7810f3f95415e61621d07a4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bbe8383def220f92d50af7cc60ad9c37.png)
A.若![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
B.![]() |
C.直线![]() ![]() |
D.若直线![]() ![]() |
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解题方法
10 . 若对任意的
,不等式
恒成立,则
的最大整数值为______ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08115d6d9f876dea921a4d32260ff1fb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4f85ad2f8c06af4eabd647a760498bf5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
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