1 . 对于正整数n,
是小于或等于n的正整数中与n互质的数的数目.函数
以其首名研究者欧拉命名,称为欧拉函数,例如
(
与
互质),则( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce7cc0ad7521b5771950aea983f0c1c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce7cc0ad7521b5771950aea983f0c1c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d4c9e69c7d5a3d7a5633a373a8a39544.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/786c6406780167f9744d0f9e9682e471.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e8d02ea8c4988c5c28ab93f0d70fb55a.png)
A.若n为质数,则![]() | B.数列![]() |
C.数列![]() | D.数列![]() |
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3卷引用:湖北省宜荆荆2024届高三下学期五月高考适应性考试数学试题
湖北省宜荆荆2024届高三下学期五月高考适应性考试数学试题 吉林省通化市梅河口市第五中学2024届高三三模数学试题(已下线)高二数学期末模拟试卷02【好题汇编】-备战2023-2024学年高二数学下学期期末真题分类汇编(北师大版2019选择性必修第二册)
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解题方法
2 . 设离散型随机变量X,Y的取值分别为
,
.定义X关于事件“
”
的条件数学期望为
,已知条件数学期望满足全期望公式
.解决如下问题:为了研究某药物对于微生物A生存状况的影响,某实验室计划进行生物实验.在第1天上午,实验人员向培养皿中加入10个A的个体.从第1天开始,实验人员在每天下午向培养皿中加入该种药物.当加入药物时,A的每个个体立即产生1次如下的生理反应(设A的每个个体在当天的其他时刻均不发生变化,不同个体的生理反应相互独立):①直接死亡;②分裂为2个个体,且这两种生理反应是等可能的.
设第n天上午培养皿中A的个体数量为
.规定
,
.
(1)求
,
;
(2)证明
;
(3)已知
,求
,并结合(2)说明其实际含义.
附:对于随机变量X,
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c4c5ef7cc433f6d83d5dace3007d81e3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/12044571bb321a077e62fe3d24921d2f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dfe778b3e0bbd2220de99c382ec323b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d94932ae5d8a1772b36b5268a234a046.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8baaca444be2d6b341f0310d17ba5558.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7af49ca40f22b61efbda45d7632da572.png)
设第n天上午培养皿中A的个体数量为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93d0f3799612b81e85b87241ec8eee68.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f93ddfb6148d7377a0d659b2429706a2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/843b0b9191cabb7c63a406e37650a96a.png)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f7af337627e78cece1daf3a8cf11a2a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1a6c7173930e7a13eb63e18f901f7772.png)
(2)证明
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09d6030f60e25c6344f62d900167a604.png)
(3)已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f8218c7894f6caad3396a4eab9e6094a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/58664d4fcfe5b765ccc1f86d7c29ce1c.png)
附:对于随机变量X,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c83507976fbfb5685fd79058bc438f0a.png)
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3 . 设点
(
)是抛物线
上任意一点,过点
作抛物线
的两条切线,分别交抛物线
于点
和点
,则下列结论正确的是( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/12a3efb79f35db8448f3391252ab7d4e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/14b8e0e181de2dfa47561cc534287eed.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/745de5ef1fd897d16e37464172d5e8c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e42102c1c07562853219ca5918803a27.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/745de5ef1fd897d16e37464172d5e8c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8df332f01628130c084fd46aaca0a4b7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4c16dac1e9bf5804c8907cbc59014d04.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() |
C.![]() | D.直线![]() ![]() |
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解题方法
4 . 如图所示是一个以
为直径,点
为圆心的半圆,其半径为4,
为线段
的中点,其中
,
,
是半圆圆周上的三个点,且把半圆的圆周分成了弧长相等的四段,若将该半圆围成一个以
为顶点的圆锥的侧面,则在该圆锥中下列结果正确的是( )
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf231f8f86fb922df4ca0c87f044cec3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a0ed1ec316bc54c37c4286c208f55667.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c77e9c89b7275b0c1a9af5c9a72e5968.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf231f8f86fb922df4ca0c87f044cec3.png)
A.![]() | B.![]() ![]() |
C.![]() ![]() | D.点![]() ![]() ![]() |
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5 . 参数方程是以参变量为中介来表示直线或曲线上点的坐标的方程,是直线或曲线在同一坐标系下的另一种表现形式.很多曲线(如心脏线、螺线、玫瑰线)都可以用参数方程呈现.在平面直角坐标系
中,直线
的参数方程式
(
为参数),其中
,角
为直线
的倾斜角.曲线
的参数方程是
(
为参数).其中
,直线
与曲线
相交于
、
点.
(1)根据以上的参数方程求出直线
的一般式方程和曲线
的标准方程;
(2)设点
,设点
对应的参数为
,试证明:
;
(3)试问是否存在角
,使得对于任意的点
,表达式
均为定值
,若存在,请求出
及值
(结果用
,
表示);若不存在,请说明理由.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e9b1cf149172b6c4a6526b25aba683be.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a1d5e2dfa2d5b134c85995877eff156b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73dd51ce19cf9b0ebfa8e42190c72bbf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e77eee60e92c3e08a5877062cd1e925f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a990942b9fa26d28cee8579325da3675.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a0c4c098615c6bc7e6dcf72e5b5201a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a5d7d3b6b63fe5c24c3907b7a8eaa3.png)
(1)根据以上的参数方程求出直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)设点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93bb2baf350ed7e3490fd9e7399ce5c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0d9fd58e71dcae6cafaf9037d20ebd76.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/39b1c2f6f5103b4a981e417b620dd239.png)
(3)试问是否存在角
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93bb2baf350ed7e3490fd9e7399ce5c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6df16c0ff148acd2c4eac082120e43be.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/291f17141e5dfbb8e129a9e59d23c120.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
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6 . 曲率是曲线的重要性质,表征了曲线的“弯曲程度”,曲线曲率解释为曲线某点切线方向对弧长的转动率,设曲线
具有连续转动的切线,在点
处的曲率
,其中
为
的导函数,
为
的导函数,已知
.
(1)
时,求
在极值点处的曲率;
(2)
时,
是否存在极值点,如存在,求出其极值点处的曲率;
(3)
,
,当
,
曲率均为0时,自变量最小值分别为
,
,求证:
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd817a1014876a72ad1971548ed6f52c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fe7522a3f232bd0b7a7850ae674db43f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bad7aa241de8ac2738629f7361a7c8bb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/724340d69477c0ec2418c392b22b1cab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/10acd6d864583617dd3e71240bf0c857.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/724340d69477c0ec2418c392b22b1cab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ea058d082b5f7517c3b6a6359dbcb44a.png)
(1)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3b4d795709b0abcf47bceec2250f2f9b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
(2)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/94440d3e4c073f94f2b266ff99d50e74.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/724340d69477c0ec2418c392b22b1cab.png)
(3)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c0c51e20ceeca65fe6821130d94b794c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3387f1c69de6c2407212536b35150e5a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/09f86f37ec8e15846bd731ab4fcdbacd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4669810732b633b60dbeaf0bf57204f6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c814128ea2139e33db94ea590e7c2223.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aec19b68e3add9d5bfcc6269a1855b87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6fb22f6880c74b35a8285cbb51a50fb1.png)
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解题方法
7 . 下列说法正确的是( ).
A.函数![]() ![]() ![]() |
B.函数![]() ![]() |
C.已知函数![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
D.若![]() ![]() ![]() |
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8 . 祖暅原理也称祖氏原理,是我国数学家祖暅提出的一个求体积的著名命题:“幂势既同,则积不容异”,“幂”是截面积,“势”是几何体的高,意思是两个同高的立体,如在等高处截面积相等,则体积相等.由曲线
,
,
围成的图形绕y轴旋转一周所得旋转体的体积为V,则V=__________ .
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c465114dc2665d74246240b1d4d26ee.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d63f162c4846a76cadee56ae2f42e37c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2bfb4e91d5c6d50ff816b0240c1a7f02.png)
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解题方法
9 . 对于数列
,如果存在等差数列
和等比数列
,使得
,则称数列
是“优分解”的.
(1)证明:如果
是等差数列,则
是“优分解”的.
(2)记
,证明:如果数列
是“优分解”的,则
或数列
是等比数列.
(3)设数列
的前
项和为
,如果
和
都是“优分解”的,并且
,求
的通项公式.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/034ba25825c13725931c483aa47c9363.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/57ef6d44448092ebdb9e4a49d866a749.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7fd84622d5883097a686797889192356.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
(1)证明:如果
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
(2)记
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/33119e0b8e033e27fde4505b90a1c3b7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/238024e8fa2058c5cbbf2f757ce9a997.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/27e274217ecbdfeea729eaa317359e77.png)
(3)设数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/846fa57d92d6ad44d6a0cafad1e71ed4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b15ebc127b977d405b867a151696b163.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/83cf38189d5cbf627d2b82ac0eb76006.png)
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解题方法
10 . 利用方程的方法可以将无限循环小数化为分数,例如将
化为分数是这样计算的:设
,则
,即
,解得
.
这是一种利用方程求解具有无限过程的问题的方法,这种方法在高中计算无限概率、无限期望问题时都有很好的妙用.
已知甲、乙两人进行乒乓球比赛,每局比赛甲获胜的概率为
,乙获胜的概率为
,每局比赛的结果互不影响.规定:净胜
局指的是一方比另一方多胜
局.
(1)如果约定先获得净胜两局者获胜,求恰好4局结束比赛的概率;
(2)如果约定先获得净胜三局者获胜,那么在比赛过程中,甲可能净胜
局.设甲在净胜
局时,继续比赛甲获胜的概率为
,比赛结束(甲、乙有一方先净胜三局)时需进行的局数为
,期望为
.
①求甲获胜的概率
;
②求
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f522d1f7a4158bbb09355fcf2ebe1748.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cd96b78172b97a5fb995bc4fe7a91312.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7c9a257d22b01103a676795f6a6b399e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8567750e1eb0471c3942c1456cdf2299.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b0fae7b60887e1ae9ff3f6b2b959762e.png)
这是一种利用方程求解具有无限过程的问题的方法,这种方法在高中计算无限概率、无限期望问题时都有很好的妙用.
已知甲、乙两人进行乒乓球比赛,每局比赛甲获胜的概率为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bf31876698721a199c7c53c6b320aa86.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4dac452fbb5ef6dd653e7fbbef639484.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
(1)如果约定先获得净胜两局者获胜,求恰好4局结束比赛的概率;
(2)如果约定先获得净胜三局者获胜,那么在比赛过程中,甲可能净胜
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/68061f9674fb257c62da194bebd65289.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c05b9832b09731a574d4a4adf7448de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/59c709117ab1d3ef620883a732aed68b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6f95e54a9b7c66c97dc6ee6161a25c0e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/56b678dec65a0ca8006cc6828d8cb501.png)
①求甲获胜的概率
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bf9f50605db5d5f8f3a01ee8e474a112.png)
②求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7fc8a872d7b16187634e8db2571c8cbe.png)
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2024-06-09更新
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2卷引用:湖北省武汉市武昌区2024届高三下学期5月质量检测数学试卷